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S equi subsp zooepidemicus may cause polyserositis in Old World camelids (eg, dromedary camels) with signs similar to those seen in New World camelids (eg, alpaca and llama). The rapid response to medical treatment for the patient described suggested that S equi subsp zooepidemicus-induced polyserositis (alpaca fever) in dromedary camels may respond favorably to appropriate treatment. Reducing stress, reducing overcrowding, and separate housing of equids and camelids are suggested. Further studies are needed to better assess the epidemiology of alpaca fever in dromedary camels in North America.

Summary A 6‐month‐old Standardbred weanling presented with acute non‐ambulatory tetraparesis. Cranial nerve examination was normal and neuroanatomic localisation suggested there was a focal C1‐C5 spinal cord lesion. Post‐mortem examination identified a cervical vertebral epidural haematoma at the level of C2‐C3 causing spinal cord compression and neurological deficits. Histological examination determined the haematoma was several weeks old making the lesion chronic. Since the clinical progression was acute, this suggests an acute on chronic pathophysiology. Even with no history of trauma, an epidural haematoma should be on the differential list in young horses with acute tetraparesis.

Our data suggest that autophagy is impaired in certain GRMD muscles. Differential GRMD CS involvement emphasizes that therapeutic modulation of autophagy could require specific muscle targeting. Muscle Nerve 58: 418-426, 2018.