This study examined the effectiveness of different topics/activities included in a freshman orientation course in enhancing the students' perception of their successful adjustment to college life and the impact of these subjects on the student level of persistence. The results support the Tinto stage model of persistence since the elements of the orientation course most highly correlated to persistence were topics and activities dedicated to: 1) the development of strong social networks (with both faculty and students) and 2) integration into the institution. Results also suggest that certain topics/activities should be included in orientation courses in order to help students become more effective in dealing with their external relationships as specified in the Astin attrition model. Specifically, results indicate that if a student did not have exposure to study skills, advising information, curriculum planning, group activities, and campus tours, they were less likely to re-enroll. / DAVIG AND SPAIN

A survey of small businesses in Kentucky was conducted in the area of total quality management. The objective of the research was to determine the level of effort of small manufacturing firms in quality management and the degree to which their managers are currently guided by the TQM model as opposed to the economic conformance model. Preliminary results indicate the degree of penetration of the TQM philosophy and concepts among managers in small manufacturing firms. Also studied were the important elements in the operation and management of these firms that promote or discourage the successful implementation of TQM.

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