The litterfall and decomposition represent the main transfer of organic matter and nutrients from the vegetation to the soil surface and determine positive trajectories in the process of rehabilitating and restoring degraded ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contributions of organic materials and nutrients through the characterization of fine litter in an urban dry forest fragment. Litter production was monitored for one year by collecting 29 traps (0.5 m2). To evaluate leaf nutrient resorption, green leaves were collected from 5-10 individuals that represented the dominant tree species. Litter-bags (20 x 20 cm, 2 mm pore) were used for six months to evaluate the decomposition of leaf litter. Annual fine litter production was found to be 8 574 kg ha-1, with the Cordia alba species contributing the most leaf litter (1 134 kg ha-1) and nutrients (N: 6.16; P: 0.21; Ca: 4.72; Mg: 0.47; K: 1.27 kg ha-1). Decomposition rates (k constant) followed the decreasing order: C. alba (k: 4.6) > Machaerium milleflorum (k: 3.5). M. milleflorum and Albizia niopoides presented a pattern of rapid N and P release in the first 30 days, with more than 80 % and 60 % released from M. milleflorum and C. alba, respectively, by the end of the experiment. The litterfall monitoring carried out in this urban dry forest fragment revealed some important aspects of the functioning of an ecosystem as seriously threatened as the tropical dry forest. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 571-585. Epub 2018 June 01.
Entre septiembre de 2018 y junio de 2019 se hicieron levantamientos florísticos en cuatro fragmentos ubicados en los departamentos de Atlántico, Bolívar, La Guajira y Magdalena, con el propósito de analizar la diversidad beta en el bosque seco tropical de la región norte del Caribe colombiano. Mediante el uso de índices conocidos se calcularon los valores de distintos componentes de la diversidad. Se observó heterogeneidad en la composición de los sitios y la modelación de la estructura de sus comunidades dominada por la rotación espacial de especies. Pocas especies se registraron simultáneamente en todos los sitios, en tanto que muchas estaban confinadas a lugares definidos según un modelo de distribución de abundancias del tipo de series logarítmicas. Un rasgo relevante fue la escasa aparición de especies de maderas valiosas, posiblemente debido a la extracción selectiva. Los fragmentos estudiados se justifican como objetivo de conservación biológica, pero dada la alta variación en la composición de especies encontrada, convendría incorporar más fragmentos para abarcar mayor diversidad del bosque seco en el norte del Caribe colombiano.
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