BackgroundThe absence of the I allele of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been associated with higher levels of circulating ACE, lower nitric oxide (NO) release and hypertension. The purposes of this study were to analyze the post-exercise salivary nitrite (NO2-) and blood pressure (BP) responses to different exercise intensities in elderly women divided according to their ACE genotype.MethodsParticipants (n = 30; II/ID = 20 and DD = 10) underwent three experimental sessions: incremental test - IT (15 watts workload increase/3 min) until exhaustion; 20 min exercise 90% anaerobic threshold (90% AT); and 20 min control session without exercise. Volunteers had their BP and NO2- measured before and after experimental sessions.ResultsDespite both intensities showed protective effect on preventing the increase of BP during post-exercise recovery compared to control, post-exercise hypotension and increased NO2- release was observed only for carriers of the I allele (p < 0.05).ConclusionGenotypes of the ACE gene may exert a role in post-exercise NO release and BP response.

RESUMOIntrodução: A crescente procura da natação como um tratamento não-farmacológico da hipertensão arterial tem aumentado. Objetivo: Analisar as respostas da pressão arterial (PA) após o exercício de natação e durante a rotina diária de trabalho de indivíduos pré-hipertensos. Métodos: Oito indivíduos pré-hipertensos (128,2 ± 7,8 / 77,8 ± 6,0mmHg; 41,8 ± 3,2 anos; 84,7 ± 17,9kg; 180,4 ± 4,8cm; 27,3 ± 5,8kg.m 2(-1) ) foram submetidos a duas sessões, sendo uma de natação (SN) e a outra de controle (SC). A PA foi medida no repouso pré-exercício e durante 12 horas de recuperação pós-exercício. Na SN, os pacientes nadaram por 45min em uma intensidade moderada a alta (PSE 14,5 ± 1,6), e, durante a SC, os sujeitos permaneceram em repouso na posição sentada pelo mesmo período de tempo. Resultados: ANOVA para medidas repetidas evidenciou diminuição significativa (p ≤ 0,05) na PAS por duas horas após a SN em relação ao repouso, e uma diferença significativa entre os deltas do PAS (Δ -PAS variação na recuperação pós-exercício em relação ao repouso pré-exercício) foi observada entre as sessões na primeira e segunda horas após a recuperação, respectivamente (ΔSS = -10,4 e -9,3 vs. ΔCS = 0,8 e 4,4mmHg, p < 0,05). Não houve diferenças significativas da PAD, intra e entre as sessões. Conclusão: O exercício de natação em intensidade moderada a alta foi eficaz para promover redução da PA pós-exercício em indivíduos hipertensos durante a sua rotina de trabalho.Palavras-chave: hipotensão pós-exercício, pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, percepção subjetiva de esforço. ABSTRACTIntroduction: The increasing demand for swimming as a non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension has increased. PURPOSE: To analyze the blood pressure (BP) responses after swimming and during the daily work routine of pre-hypertensive individuals. Methods: Eight male borderline hypertensive individuals (128.2 ± 7.8 / 77.8 ± 6.0 mmHg; 41.8 ± 3.2 years; 84.7 ± 17.9 kg; 180.4 ± 4.8 cm; 27.3 ± 5.8 kg.m2 (-1)) were submitted to a swimming exercise (SS) and control (CS) sessions. BP was measured at pre-exercise rest and during 12 hours of the post-exercise recovery. In SS, patients swan for 45 minutes in a moderate-high intensity (PSE 14.5 ± 1.6), and during CS the subjects remained at seated rest for 45 min. Results: ANOVA for repeated measures evidenced significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in SBP in the for 2 hours after SS in comparison to rest, and a significant difference between the SBP deltas (Δ -SBP variation in the post-exercise recovery compared to pre-exercise rest) was observed when comparing sessions at 1 and 2 hours after recovery, respectively (ΔSS = -10.4 and -9.3 vs. ΔCS = 0.8 and 4.4 mmHg, p <0.05). There were not significant differences in DBP within and between sessions. Conclusion: Swimming exercise at moderate-high intensity was effective in promoting post-exercise BP reduction for borderline hypertensive individuals during their daily work routine.

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