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This pooled analysis of the EORTC-RBG datasets confirmed the strong and independent prognostic value of uPA and PAI-1 in primary breast cancer. For patients with lymph node-negative breast cancer, uPA and PAI-1 measurements in primary tumors may be especially useful for designing individualized treatment strategies.

Separate primary and validating clinical studies concur that tumor VEGF level is the most important prognostic parameter among several markers of tumor angiogenesis and proteolysis.

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