According to current global AIDS guidelines, HIV testing is key to the success of the 'treatment as prevention' (TasP) strategy and the control of AIDS. In view of Brazil's commitment to these guidelines, this article characterizes the principles and justifications underpinning TasP and discusses implementation challenges. The analysis draws on a systematic review of the literature (2005 to 2015) on recruitment and testing strategies for men who have sex with men. This approach was adopted based on the assumption that current knowledge on HIV testing can offer valuable insights into the foundations of global AIDS policies and their uptake in local contexts. Based on the analysis of the 65 articles selected, we suggest that TasP represents a shift in the AIDS prevention paradigm. There is an overlap between prevention and care and the new approach places major emphasis on biomedical and psychological knowledge. The TasP approach fails to address the factors associated with HIV vulnerability and the stigma surrounding AIDS and undermines the participation of activists and PLWHA as autonomous producers of preventive of preventive practices. We argue that, to ensure the effective implementation of TasP in Brazil, it is necessary to discuss issues such as the protection of human rights and the structural problems facing Brazil's public health system.
Objective: to identify and categorize social support reported by people living with aids, given that aids today is characterized as a chronic disease, for which social supports are essential. Method: qualitative study with eight people living with aids, users of reference service in a small city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In data analysis, initial and focused coding was used. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the UNIFRAN (0018/2010). Results: the family, especially mothers, and health professionals were the main source of emotional support. Spouses, friends and institutions were sources of emotional and instrumental support. Internet, support and self-help groups offered informative support. Social security benefits and public policies were identified as instrumental support. Spirituality and religion appeared as emotional and informational support. Self-help was characterized as reinforcement support. Conclusion: the identification of sources of support is important to facilitate the establishment of strategies for integration of individuals into society, minimizing risks of social exclusion and health damage. Descriptors: social support; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; health promotion.RESUMOObjetivo: identificar e categorizar os apoios sociais relatados por pessoas vivendo com aids, considerando que a aids hoje se caracteriza por ser uma doença crônica, para a qual os apoios sociais são essenciais. Método: estudo qualitativo com oito pessoas vivendo com aids, usuários de serviço de referência em um município de pequeno porte no interior do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil . Para análise das entrevistas foi utilizada a codificação inicial e focalizada. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da UNIFRAN (0018/2010). Resultados: a família, especialmente as mães, e profissionais de saúde foram as principais fontes de apoio emocional. Cônjuges, amigos e instituições constituíram fontes de apoio emocional e instrumental. Internet, grupos de adesão e autoajuda ofereceram apoio informativo. Benefícios previdenciários e políticas governamentais foram identificados como apoio instrumental. A espiritualidade e a religião apareceram como apoio emocional e informativo. Autoajuda foi caracterizada como apoio de reforço. Conclusão: a identificação das fontes de apoio é importante para facilitar o estabelecimento de estratégias de integração desses indivíduos na sociedade, minimizando riscos de exclusão social e danos à saúde. Descritores: Apoio social; síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida; promoção de saúde.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar y clasificar el apoyo social reportado por las personas que viven con sida, teniendo em cuenta que hoy en día el sida se caracteriza por una enfermedad crónica, por lo que los apoyos sociales son esenciales. Método: estudio cualitativo de ocho personas que viven con el SIDA, usuarias del servicio de referencia en una pequeña ciudad en el estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para el análisis de las entrevistas se utilizó la codificación inicial y centralizada. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de Unifran (0018/2010). Resultados: la familia, especialmente las madres y profesionales de la salud fueron la principal fuente de apoyo emocional. Los cónyuges, amigos e instituciones constituyeron fuentes de apoyo emocional e instrumental. Internet, grupos de adhesión y autoayuda ofrecieron apoyo informativo. Beneficios de seguridad social y las políticas gubernamentales fueron identificados como apoyo instrumental. Espiritualidad y religión aparecieron como apoyo emocional e informativo. La autoayuda se caracterizó como apoyo de refuerzo. Conclusión: la identificación de las fuentes de apoyo es importante para facilitar el establecimiento de estrategias para la integración de estos individuos en la sociedad, minimizando los riesgos de exclusión social y daños a la salud. Descriptores: apoyo social; síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida; promoción de la salud.
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