No abstract

The timing of the terrible events of September 11, 2001 (9-11), and an ongoing randomized clinical trial of case monitoring have allowed a prospective examination of the effects of trauma upon the relapse rates of a group of clients following alcohol detoxification. The clients studied in this report were enrolled in case monitoring prior to 9-11. Case monitoring consists of telephone contacts on a tapering schedule designed to help clients avoid relapses, reduce the severity of relapses that do occur, and get clients back into treatment, at less intense levels, than would occur without case monitoring. For those clients completing a telephone contact before and a telephone contact after 9-11, none of the clients drank between detox discharge and 9-11, while 42% drank by the first telephone contact after 9-11. Data from another study were analyzed and results counter the rival hypothesis that the case monitoring study results reflect an annual seasonal effect. Results suggest that terrorist events may lead to a greater likelihood of relapse for those in alcohol recovery. These effects may be ameliorated by public education and outreach.

BackgroundWe sought to determine predictors of drinking the month before and after beginning college, as well as changes in drinking between these two periods among adjudicated students. We conducted these analyses to inform individual and university-wide approaches to addressing underage drinking, particularly among the heaviest drinkers.MethodsThe sample consisted of 143 students entering college, adjudicated during their first semester, and interviewed during the same semester. The sample consisted of 43% women. Drinking data were collected through the Time-Line Follow-Back interview.ResultsThe average number of drinking days (DD) during the first month of college was 7.0 (SD = 4.7), the average number of drinks per drinking day (DDD) was 7.4 (SD = 3.4), and the average volume of standard drink units consumed during this month was 56.3 (SD = 51.2). Students had volunteered for a two-year college facilitation study, and had been invited to participate after receiving a citation for violating university alcohol policies. Analyses consisted of nine backward elimination regression analyses with nine variables entered as predictors (one was a control variable). Age of first intoxication was related to every dependent measure. Men had a higher August DDD, September DDD, and September volume than women. Roommate drinking level was associated with September DDD and September volume. Out-of-state students had a lower August volume than in-state students. High school rank was inversely related to September drinking days. SAT score, declared major status, and fraternity/sorority status were not related to drinking according to these multivariate analyses.ConclusionsResults suggest that approaches to underage drinking for adjudicated students may need to be tailored according to age of first intoxication. Results also suggest the drinking level of the heaviest drinking roommate may moderate individual level interventions. Further, interventions applied to an entire dorm room may prove efficacious. Results also suggest that high school rank, rather than SAT scores, should be used as college entry criteria to yield a drier incoming class. Results may not generalize to non-adjudicated students.