Kelapa sawit (Elaeis quineensis Jacq) merupakan salah satu tanaman komoditas andalan sumber devisa non migas bagi Indonesia. Bunga kelapa sawit mengeluarkan senyawa volatil yang dapat mengundang datang nya serangga.  Jenis serangga yang mengunjungi bunga kelapa sawit beragam, tidak semua yang mengunjungi bunga mampu berperan sebagai penyerbuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keragaman serangga bunga kelapa sawit sehingga informasi yang diperoleh dapat bermanfaat untuk kegiatan konservasi berikutnya. Identifikasi dilakukan sampai tingkat morfospesies. Metode purposive sampling digunakan untuk menentukan tanaman sampel yang digunakan untuk diamati keragaman serangga pengunjungnya. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan keragaman pada bunga kelapa sawit diperoleh 16 morfospesies yaitu dengan urutan banyaknya populasi yaitu E. kamerunicus, Gelechiidae sp. 01, Chelisoches sp. Rhabdoscelus sp, Forficula sp, Velinus nigrigenu, Salticidae sp. 1, Formicinae sp.1, Tirathaba sp, Rhinocoris fuscipes, Thrips hawaiiensis, Formicinae sp.2, Metisa sp, Tetragnathide sp. 1, Thomisidae sp. 1, Euchantecona sp. dengan indeks dominasi 0,89, indeks keragaman 0,33 dan indeks kemerataan 0,12 yang tergolong rendah.

Rice is basic neet for Indonesia people. East Java experienced decrease rice production 2% in 2014, the problem was insect pest. Insecticides are dangerous that replaced use refugia attracting biological agens. Purpose of the research to discover the role of refugia as conservation medium in suppressing pets attacks and increasing the diversity arthropod populations in rice fields.  This study uses a direct insect sampling method and uses traps such as sweep nets, yellow traps, pitfall traps and light traps. Identification of insects using an introduction to the study insect and iNaturalist. Analysis of the observational data quantitatively by calculating the species diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), Richness index (R) and dominance index (C) then tabulated using excel. observations indicate the number of insects found on land A (rice with refugia) was 5661 individuals consisting of 12 ordo, 61 family and 94 species. Meanwhile on land B (rice without refugia) was 3,198 individuals consisting of 11 ordo, 43 family and 56 species. Refugia affected the population of biological agens more on land A was 2707 individuals than on land B was 1215 individuals. While the pest population on land A much less as 364 individuals than on land B as 763 individuals. Tabulation from the calculation of the species diversity index as 0.142 and 0.118, the species evenness index as 0.030  and 0.025, the dominance index of 0.0004 and 0.0013 is classified as low, while the species richness index of 10.76 and 6.82 is classified as high.

Pollinating insects are referred as support services, namely services by the processes in the ecosystems that support human well-being by maintaining or enhancing ecosystem services. The availability of flowers, diversity, and behavior of visiting pollinator insects affect the effectiveness of pollination to increase the formation of fruit sets of mango plants. The purpose of this study is to observe the behavior of pollinator insects visiting the mango gadung clone 21 varieties and their effectiveness in increasing the formation of fruit sets. Research has been carried out on two flower seasons: March-May (Off season) and July-September (On season) 2020. Visiting behaviors observed were the number of visits per minute (foraging rate) and the length of visit per flower (flower handling time). Pollination effectiveness was measured from the number of fruit sets formed from the open flower panicles and confined with a tangerine gauze. The results of the study obtained seven species including Apis sp., Trigona sp., Xylocopa sp., Polistes sp. 1, Polistes sp. 2, Chrysomya sp., and Eristalis sp. Visits of pollinating insects on the highest number of mango panicle flowers were (31.69 ± 7.69) flowers / 60 seconds by Trigona sp insects, and the lowest numbers were (2.70 ± 0.67) flowers / 60 seconds by Eristalis sp. insects. The longest visits of pollinator insects on mango flowers were obtained by Eristalis sp for (25.3 ± 8.50) sec/individual/flower and the shortest visits were by Trigona sp for (1.8 ± 0.63) seconds/individual/flower. Insect pollination increases fruit formation by 267.5%.   Keywords: insect visits, pollinating insects, fruit formation, gadung 21 varieties mango

Community service activities in the form of introducing technology in the manufacture of compost made from mango leaves are an effort to take advantage of the potential that exists in the surrounding environment in the form of remnants of organic waste that will be used as fertilizer. This community service activity was carried out in Oro-Oro Ombo Village, Rembang District, Pasuruan Regency. The method used in this activity is provision of learning materials in the form of socialization and demonstration. Providing training materials on the manufacture of organic fertilizer made from mango leaves. Demonstration activities were carried out by practicing organic fertilizers and introducing the tools and materials used which were directly guided by the lecturers of the Faculty of Agriculture, UPN "Veteran" East Java. The provision of materials and demonstrations in the manufacture of fertilizers provides benefits to the knowledge of farmers in utilizing plant remains and mango leaf waste. The awareness of the farming community in making fertilizers independently can reduce expenditures in purchasing chemical fertilizers and can increase additional income from the sale of organic fertilizers

Kelapa sawit (Elaeis quineensis Jacq) adalah tanaman berumah satu (monocious) yang proses penyerbukannya memerlukan agen penyerbuk seperti serangga (entomofily). Serangga E. kamerunicus adalah serangga polinator spesifik kelapa sawit. Keberadaan E. kamerunicus bermanfaat bagi Fruit set tandan kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perilaku polinator E. kamerunicus pada pembungaan kelapa sawit, sehingga informasi yang diperoleh bermanfaat untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas E. kamerunicus sebagai polinator. Metode purposive sampling digunakan untuk menentukan tanaman sampel yang digunakan, sedangkan pengamatan perilaku kunjungan menggunakan metode focal sampling. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan perilaku E. kamerunicus diperoleh bahwa durasi kunjungan E. kamerunicus yaitu 17,87 detik/bunga, dengan lama aktivitas dibunga jantan hari pertama, kedua dan ketiga masing-masing yaitu 3,29 menit, 1,39 menit dan 0,57 menit, laju kunjungan E. kamerunicus berdasarkan pada bunga betina dan bunga jantan yaitu masing-masing 2,32 bunga/menit dan 3,18 bunga/menit sedangkan laju kunjungan E. kamerunicus berdasarkan E. kamerunicus jantan dan E. kamerunicus betina pada bunga jantan yaitu  3,53 bunga/ menit dan  2,84 bunga/menit dengan periode waktu kunjungan E. kamerunicus pada bunga betina yaitu jam 09.00-13.00 WIB dan rata-rata jumlah individu E. kamerunicus jantan dan betina pada bunga betina kelapa sawit masing-masing yaitu 5 ekor dan 15 ekor.