We demonstrate control of fluid motion in three-dimensional structures with thousands of microchannels. Fluids are manipulated via an electrocapillary pressure, originating from electrostatic control of the solid/fluid interfacial tension in the microchannels. Reversible fluid displacement has been achieved for all channel orientations with respect to gravity. The velocities of several centimeters per second are nearly two orders of magnitude higher than the velocities demonstrated by other electrofluidic actuation principles.

Well reduced silica-supported rhodium catalysts contain oxygen species that are able to participate in reactions. Adsorbed CO molecules were demonstrated to exchange their oxygen atoms with oxygen atoms from these catalysts. The amount of such reactive oxygen is increased by a vanadium promoter. Using infrared adsorption, the scrambling of 13clSo to 13C160 was studied as a function of the temperature. The vanadium promoter decreases the temperature for CO scrambling. Linear adsorbed CO is the preferred initial state for this process.

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