Our findings provide novel evidence that EECP decreases AGE/RAGE concentrations, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with T2DM that persist for up to 6 months following treatment.
Purpose
To evaluate the volume and yield of morselized cartilage that can be harvested from the shoulder for immediate reimplantation and repair.
Methods
A standard arthroscopic approach was used to harvest non–load-bearing cartilage from 5 cadaveric shoulder specimens. Cartilage was separated from the humerus, grasped, added to the cartilage particulator, and morselized to form a cartilage paste. The volume of reclaimed cartilage was measured and compared with average humeral and glenoid defects.
Results
The total yield of cartilage paste following tissue processing that was obtained from the 5 glenohumeral joints ranged from 1.0 mL to 2.4 mL with a mean volume of 1.9 ± 0.5 mL, yielding a theoretical 18.6 cm
2
± 5.2 cm
2
of coverage with a 1-mm monolayer. Previously reported mean glenoid defect size ranges from 1.12 cm
2
to 2.73 cm
2
, while the mean humeral defect size ranges from 4.22 cm
2
to 6.00 cm
2
.
Conclusions
This study validated that through a single-stage surgical and processing technique it is possible to obtain a sufficient volume for re-implantable autologous morselized cartilage graft to address most glenohumeral articular cartilage defects.
Clinical Relevance
Chondrocyte grafts have been shown to be effective in cartilage repair. A single-site, single-staged procedure that uses a patient’s autologous shoulder cartilage from the same joint has the potential to reduce morbidity associated with multiple surgical sites, multistaged procedures, or nonautologous tissue in shoulder surgery.
Purpose
To assess the quantity of morselized cartilage that can be harvested from the non–load-bearing portion of the talus for immediate reimplantation.
Methods
Non–load-bearing talar cartilage was harvested from 5 cadaveric specimens using a standard arthroscopic approach. Cartilage was separated from the talus in maximum dorsiflexion at the junction of the talar head and neck, grasped, and morselized into a graft using a cartilage particulator. The volume of reclaimed cartilage was measured, and the extrapolated area of coverage was compared to average osteochondral lesions of the talus previously reported.
Results
The total yield of cartilage graft following processing that was obtained from 5 ankle joints ranged from 0.3 mL to 2.1 mL with a mean volume of 1.3 ± 0.7 mL, yielding a theoretical 13.2 ± 7.1 cm
2
coverage with a 1-mm monolayer. While the average size of osteochondral lesions of the talus is difficult to estimate, they may range from 0.5 cm
2
to 3.7 cm
2
according to the literature.
Conclusions
This study validated that it is possible to harvest sufficient amount of cartilage for an autologous morselized cartilage graft via a single-stage, single-site surgical and processing technique to address most talar articular cartilage defects.
Clinical Relevance
Particulated cartilage autografts have shown promise in surgical management of cartilage defects. A single-site, single-staged procedure that uses a patient’s autologous talar cartilage from the same joint has the potential to reduce morbidity associated with multiple surgical sites, multistaged procedure, or nonautologous tissue in ankle surgery.
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