To identify the visual prognostic factors in patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods This retrospective cohort study included 4241 patients who underwent HSCT from April 1, 2010 to March 31, 2019 at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital. Of them, 1063 patients presented CMV viremia, and 67 patients (93 eyes) were diagnosed with CMV retinitis. We enrolled 66 patients (91 eyes). The main outcomes included the initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), BCVA at the diagnosis of retinitis and last visit, involved retinal zone, peak CMV DNA levels in the peripheral blood and aqueous humor, time between HSCT and the diagnosis of retinitis, time between the diagnosis of viremia and retinitis, complications, recurrence, survival, and so on. Results The mean BCVA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) values before HSCT, at the time of retinitis diagnosis, and at the last visit were 0.041 ± 0.076, 0.262 ± 0.529, and 0.309 ± 0.547, respectively. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the involved zone (P = 0.001), time between HSCT and retinitis diagnosis (P = 0.019), and survival status (P = 0.001) were associated with the final visual acuity. Conclusions The final visual prognosis was worse in patients with greater invasion of the central retinal zone, those with a longer interval between HSCT and the diagnosis of retinitis, and those who died. Prompt diagnosis of CMV retinitis through periodic fundus examinations of

Purpose To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of neovascularization in unaffected fellow eyes of patients diagnosed with type 3 neovascularization in Korea. Methods This retrospective study included 93 unaffected fellow eyes of 93 patients diagnosed with type 3 neovascularization. For initial type 3 neovascularization diagnosis, optical coherence tomography and angiography were conducted. These baseline data were compared between patients with and without neovascularization in their fellow eyes during the follow-up period. Results The mean follow-up period was 66.1±31.1 months. Neovascularization developed in 49 (52.8%) fellow eyes after a mean period of 29.5±19.6 months. In the fellow eye neovascularization group, the incidence of soft drusen and reticular pseudodrusen was significantly higher than that in the non-neovascularization group (83.7% vs. 36.5%, p<0.001; 67.3% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.017, respectively), but the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) showed a significantly lower value (60.7±2.0% vs. 61.7±2.5%; p = 0.047). The presence of reticular pseudodrusen was related with the duration from baseline to development of fellow eye neovascularization (p = 0.038). Conclusion Neovascularization developed in 52.8% of unaffected fellow eyes. The presence of soft drusen, reticular pseudodrusen, and lower CVI values can be considered risk factors of neovascularization in unaffected fellow eyes of patients with type 3 neovascularization. The lower CVI values suggest that choroidal ischemic change may affect the development of choroidal neovascularization in these patients.

Background To examine the characteristics of rhegmatous retinal detachment (RRD) associated with atopic dermatitis. Method Medical records of 2257 patients who underwent RD surgery at this clinic between 2008 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 61 patients who were diagnosed as AD were assigned into the experimental group and 100 patients who did not have AD were randomly selected and assigned into the control group. Demographics, characteristics of detachment, initial operative method, and prognosis after surgery were investigated as main outcomes. Additionally, in pseudophakic RD patients, the period between the cataract surgery and onset of RD was measured. Result Postoperative VA and prognosis were significantly worse and bilateral involvement of RD was more common in the atopy group than in the control group. (P value = 0.005, 0.001 each) Characteristics of retinal breaks were different between the two groups. Additionally, the risk of developing RD within 1 year after cataract surgery was significantly higher in pseudophakic patients of the atopic group than in the control group. (P value = 0.013) However, there was no significant difference in mean preoperative VA or refractive index between the two groups. Conclusion Our results show that in atopic patients, RD occurs at a young age with different characteristics compared to non-atopic patients. Atopic RD has a poor visual prognosis. Thus, it requires careful management. Furthermore, the risk of developing RD within 1 year after cataract surgery is higher in atopic patients. Therefore, it is important to perform regular and extensive check-up after cataract surgery for atopic patients.