Mineral fertilizers are expensive and last only a relatively short time. Proper handling of fertilizers has a direct impact on crop quality and profitability. Currently, straight fertilizers are divided into types, A and B, based on the fertilizer's sedimentation properties when mixed. Therefore, to solve these flaws, we developed a vitamin C-substrate organomineral fertilizer, AGH-Ringer. This study consisted of a fertilizer equivalency test, which lasted 15 weeks of soil cultivation in a farm field, using lettuce (Lactuca sativa L., ' Jeok Chi Ma') with AGH-Ringer as a test fertilizer. This fertilizer was based on powder compound-type fertilizer r-Ringer and manufactured by chelating essential minerals with a vitamin C substrate to have NPK contents in a ratio of 18.9:14:4.0. In the onsite evaluation, the superiority of AGH-Ringer was demonstrated through an effect of growth stimulation in both aerial and rhizosphere parts of the plants at suitable soil temperatures. This fertilizer also increased yield, even in inadequate low-temperature conditions. In addition, AGHRinger increased the absorption and bioavailability of minerals in lettuce leaves at harvest. The mineral absorption ability showed a uniform pattern during the entire harvest period. It has been confirmed that AGH-Ringer, manufactured with vitamin C as a substrate, is a fertilizer with excellent efficacy that increases growth and harvest simultaneously, solving the existing problems of chemical fertilizers such as sedimentation and lack of mineral absorptivity in nutrient solution systems.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of heat-killed lactic acid bacteria on acute alcoholic liver disease and alcoholic hangover. Histologic analysis exhibited no change except in the ethanol-treated group, but the EtOH＋heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum high dose-treated group (P<0.01) showed a significant change in the fatty granules in hepatocytes. Similarly, the positive control group (P<0.01) and the EtOH＋HLPH (heat-killed L. plantarum high dose) group (P<0.05) showed significant difference in the hepatic telangiectasis score. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were significantly decreased in the EtOH＋HLPH group (P<0.001 and P<0.01 respectively). Inhibition of inflammation was assessed through cytokine expression. IL-1β mRNA expression was significantly inhibited in all treatment groups, but IL-6 was inhibited only in the heat-sterilized lactic acid bacteria group (P<0.05). While measuring the changes in the amount of ethanol and acetaldehyde in the blood before and after ethanol administration, it was observed that the heat-killed lactic acid bacteria group effectively decreased after ethanol administration (P<0.001). In addition, it was confirmed that alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities were significantly increased in the heat-killed lactic acid bacteria group (P<0.001). Therefore, it was observed that heat-treated and sterilized lactic acid bacteria like live bacteria had a significant effect on acute alcoholic liver disease.