Compared to traditional phased-array radar, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar can transmit multiple probing signals that are correlated or uncorrelated with each other. An interesting current research topic in MIMO radar is the frequency diversity MIMO (f-MIMO) radar. The frequency between two adjacent transmitted signals of f-MIMO radar are not identical but stepped uniformly at the same time. In this paper, a f-MIMO radar array processing model is developed. It is shown that the f-MIMO radar array processing can form a range-dimension beam, so it has the ability to distinguish targets in different ranges. The range resolution of array processing is derived, and then, the virtual array aperture of f-MIMO radar is also investigated.Index Terms-frequency diversity MIMO radar; rangdimension beam; virtual array aperture.

Radar equation is a very important tool to evaluate a radar system, and an approximate derivation of colocated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar equation is presented in this paper. Firstly, we derive the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) improvement factor MN of the colocated MIMO radar array output compare to single-input single-output (SISO) radar array output employing coherent integration, where M is the number of orthogonal transmitted signals and N is the number of receive array elements. Secondly, we derive the array output's SNR expression from radar equation perspective. With the expression, we get the colocated MIMO radar equivalent array gain via comparing the array output's SNR expressions of colocated MIMO radar and SISO radar. Then we obtain the colocated MIMO radar equation without considering the antenna electromagnetic effect.

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