Saliva merupakan cairan tubuh yang sangat penting dan berperan terhadap integritas mukosa oral. Perawatan ortodonti merupakan suatu tindakan yang dapat mempengaruhi karateristik saliva. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek perawatan ortodonti terhadap karakteristik saliva. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pengukuran volume dan pH saliva sebelum dan sesudah pemasangan alat ortodonti pada 30 orang sampel (usia 23±5.2 tahun) yang masing-masing dirawat dengan alat ortodonti lepasan dan alat ortodonti cekat konvensional dan self ligating braket. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan dan perbedaan volume sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan alat ortodonti lepasan dengan nilai 0,012 (p < 0,05), sedangkan kelompok pemakaian alat ortodonti cekat konvensional terdapat perubahan sebelum dan sesudah sebanyak 0,012 dengan p <0,05, dan kelompok braket self ligating dengan nilai 0,006 dengan p < 0,05. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perubahan pH sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan alat ortodonti lepasan sedangkan terdapat perbedaan kadar pH sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan alat ortodonti cekat secara signifikan. Perawatan ortodonti dapat mempengaruhi karateristik saliva, yaitu terjadi peningkatan volume saliva sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan alat. Namun tidak terdapat perubahan pH saliva pada pengguna alat ortodonti lepasan, sedangkan penggunaan alat ortodonti cekat mempengaruhi nilai pH.
Cookies are generally made from wheat flour that provides high energy but low in fibre. Wheat flour can be substituted with yellow pumpkin flour to make cookies. Yellow pumpkin is an Indonesian local food which contains high beta carotene and fibre. The purpose of this research was to compare the yellow pumpkin and mocaf flour cookies with wheat flour cookies in terms of acceptability and nutrient content. For this experiment, two formulations were used: Formulation 1 (F1), 1: 2 ratio of yellow pumpkin flour to mocaf flour and Formulation 2 (F2), 1: 2 ratio of yellow pumpkin flour to wheat flour. Proximate analysis of the cookies was conducted. The results showed that the yellow pumpkin and mocaf flour cookies had a total energy content of 459.71 kcal/100 g, protein content of 1.12 g/100 g, fat content of 36.35 g/100 g, fibre content of 43.59 g/100 g and carbohydrate content of 31.94 g/100 g whereas the yellow pumpkin and wheat flour cookies had a total energy content of 587.72 kcal/100 g, protein content of 4.79 g/100 g, fat content of 40.87 g/100 g, fibre content of 21.42 g/100 g and carbohydrate content of 50.19 g/100. The data collected from the acceptance test conducted with 25 panellists showed that there was no difference in the colour, texture, taste and aroma for both formulated cookies.
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