Based on "Production-Living-Ecological" space theory, the productive, living and ecological spaces in Wuyuan county were classified based on the 30 m spatial resolution Landsat time-series images. The spatial and temporal characteristics of the three types of spaces were further analyzed. The kernel density estimation method was applied to explore the spatial features for the conversions among three types of spaces. In addition, to further identify the causes of these changes, Redundancy Analysis (RDA) method was applied to attribute the spatiotemporal changes to different socioeconomic factors. Results showed that the two indices, namely, mean area of patches and aggregation index, decreased in both living space and ecological space, while they increased in production space during 2002-2018. We revealed that the fragmentation and dispersion of production space and ecological space was enhanced due to increasing urban area and living spaces, which facilitated the splitting of the continuity of production space and ecological space. From the perspective of changing function, 56% and 44% of the increased living space area was from production space (mainly cropland) and ecological space (mainly forest or grassland), respectively. The living space area showed a significant (P<0.05) increasing trend, the ecological space area showed a non-significant increasing trend; while the production space area showed a significant decreasing trend. All this revealed that the urbanization rate was accelerated by the rapid growth of tourism economy, and the ecological environment improved in Wuyuan county during 2002-2018.