Currently, a significant portion of sustained economic growth still depends on a high input of resources. We must fully understand the significance, difficulty, and long-term nature of resource conservation and environmental protection. We must also intensify our efforts to protect the ecological environment. We must gradually form a production mode, lifestyle, and consumption mode conducive to environmental protection. We must also establish a benign interactive relationship with the environment. This study offers a big data analysis and neural network integration optimization design strategy for a new kind of environmental and economic coordination prediction model. The data of the new type of environmental and economic impact with numerous parameters are preprocessed using big data analysis and principal component analysis. A neural network integration system is used to create the prediction model, and prediction research and error analysis are conducted to enhance the new kind of environmental and economic model. The simulation test analysis is completed lastly. According to the simulation findings, the proposed arithmetic has an accuracy that is 8.56% higher than that of the conventional arithmetic. A sustainable improvement management system with environmental objectives, environmental management planning plans, and environmental monitoring systems can be established with help from the new environmental and economic coordination prediction model, which can also assist in predicting the potential environmental impact caused by economic development activities. This will ensure sustainable development as a result of the mechanism.