Objective: This research aims to analyze the application regularity of Chinese patent medicine during the COVID-19 epidemic by collecting the names of the top three Chinese patent medicines used by 24 hospitals in 14 provinces of China in four time periods (January 20–22, February 16–18, March 01–03, April 01–03, 2020), and explore its contribution to combating the disease.Methods: 1) We built a database of the top three Chinese patent medicines used by 24 hospitals. 2) The frequency and efficacy distribution of Chinese patent medicine were analyzed with risk areas, regions, and hospitals of different properties as three factors. 3) Finally, we analyzed the differences in the use of heat-clearing and non-heat-clearing medicines among the three factors (χ2 test) and the correlation between the Chinese patent medicine and COVID-19 epidemic (correlation analysis) with SPSS 23.0 statistical software.Results: 1) The heat-clearing medicine was the main use category nationwide during January 20–22, 2020. Meanwhile, there was a significant difference in the utilization rate of heat-clearing and non-heat-clearing medicine in different risk areas (p < 0.01). 2) The variety of Chinese patent medicine was increased nationwide during February 16–18, 2020, mainly including tonics, blood-activating and resolving-stasis, and heat-clearing medicines. Meanwhile, there was a significant difference in the utilization rate of heat-clearing and non-heat-clearing medicine in the southern and northern regions (p < 0.05). 3) Tonics, and blood-activating and resolving-stasis medicines became the primary use categories nationwide during March 01–03, 2020. 4) The tonics class, and blood-activating and resolving-stasis medicine were still the primary categories nationwide during April 01–03, 2020. Meanwhile, there was a significant difference in the utilization rate of heat-clearing and non-heat-clearing medicine in different risk areas (p < 0.01).Conclusion: Chinese patent medicine has a certain degree of participation in fighting against the COVID-19. The efficacy distribution is related to the risk area, region, and hospital of different properties, among which the risk area is the main influencing factor. It is hoped that future research can further collect the application amount of Chinese patent medicine used in hospitals all over the country, so as to perfectly reflect the relationship between Chinese patent medicine and the epidemic situation.

According to the results of CFA with 6 factors and with the standard regression coefficient 0.4 as primary and secondary critical points, the syndromes in patients with bronchial asthma can be classified into 5 types, which are syndromes of cold fluid retained in lung, phlegm-heat obstructing lung, wind-phlegm blocking lung, qi deficiency of lung and kidney and qi deficiency of spleen.

Background: Clarithromycin is widely used for infections of helicobacter pylori. Clarithromycin belongs to polymorphic drug. Crystalline state changes of clarithromycin in sustained release tablets were found. Objectives: The aim of this study was to find the influential factor of the crystal transition of clarithromycin in preparation process of sustained release tablets and to investigate the possible interactions between the clarithromycin and pharmaceutical excipients. Method and Results: The crystal transition of active pharmaceuticals ingredients from form Ⅱ to form Ⅰ in portion in clarithromycin sustained release tablets were confirmed by x-ray powder diffraction. The techniques including differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy, x-ray powder diffraction were used for assessing the compatibility between clarithromycin and several excipients as: magnesium stearate, lactose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone K-30 and microcrystalline cellulose. All of these methods showed compatibilities between clarithromycin and the selected excipients. Alcohol prescription simulation was also done, which showed incompatibility between clarithromycin and concentration alcohol.This randomized clinical trial recruited 60 rural women at higher risk of breast cancer in Babol, Iran in 2016. Thirty women from two randomly selected villages were assigned to the MI group. Two other villages were also randomly selected and 30 of their female residents were allocated to the control group. Eligible people were first identified by referring to the villages’ health centers. The participants were recruited using a table of random numbers and their informed consent was obtained. In the MIgroup, five 90-minute weekly sessions of MI were held. Conventional training was conducted in the control group. All subjects completed a researcher-made questionnaire at baseline (before the intervention), at the end of the study, and three months later. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance, and Bonferroni, Friedman, Wilcoxon, and chi-square tests. Conclusion: It was confirmed that the reason of the incompatibility of clarithromycin with high concentration of alcohol was crystal transition.

Background: Indobufen is a drug that hinders the aggregation of platelets by reversibly repressing the cyclooxygenase enzyme, further bringing about diminished thromboxane production. During quality control of indobufen tablets, an unknown impurity was detected. Objective: To characterize an unknown impurity in indobufen tablets. Method and Results: A new method compatible with mass spectrometry detection was set up. A C18 column at 35 °C with a mobile phase consisting of aqueous buffer (including ammonium formate) and methanol (35: 65, v/v) was used at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 228 nm. High-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF MS) was used to identify the impurity with the electrospray ionization (ESI) source in the positive ionization mode. The results of HPLC-Q-TOF MS analysis indicated that the protonated molecule ions [M + H]+ of the unknown impurity was at m/z 312. Preparative LC method was put into practice with a Prep-C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of water and methanol (20: 80, v/v) at a flow rate of 20.0 mL/min at 228 nm. The assignment of the 1D and 2D NMR signals was performed for the unknown impurity. In addition, possible formation of the novel impurity was also studied. Conclusion: An unknown impurity in indobufen tablets was characterized. The impurity was assigned as 2-(4-(1- hydroxy-3-oxoisoindolin-2-yl) phenyl) butanoic acid.

The efficacy and safety of application of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) during the pregnancy is a hotspot among scholars. However, the traditional pregnancy contraindication content has certain historical limitations, and cannot meet the needs of the current pregnant women for rational drug use. We need to refine and interpret it with modern medical science. In this paper, we summarized the ancient and modern knowledge about pregnancy contradiction and tried to establish a grading safety system, based on the actual clinical practices and thte medication grading concept of western medicines. Specifically speaking, in this paper, we compared the connotations of forbidden/contradiction and cautious use, and focused on the safe herbs that included in the prescriptions for dietary therapy. Meanwhile, in this paper, we summarized the core content of the famous theories of ″You Gu Wu Yun (pregnancy disease)″ and ″Shuai Qi Da Ban Er Zhi (therapy during pregnancy)″, and studied the dangerous and unknown risk of TCMs during pregnancy. At last, a five-grade safety system of TCMs applied on the pregnant women was established, including forbidden, contraindicated, cautious, uncertain and available medicines. We classified medicines with the embryotoxicity (e.g. teratogenic, mutagenic, ageneisa), the traditional toxicity (e.g. abortion), the fierce herbal property (e.g. removing blood stasis, promoting Qi circulation) and reliable edible medicinal herbs. We also place an ″uncertain″ category based on objective reality. Meanwhile, 33 sample TCMs were preliminarily determined. This paper proposed the preference and ideas for the rational herbal use in pregnancy.