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Rosa roxbughii Tratt (RRT) is a welcome medicinal and edible fruit with unique functions and nutrients in China. In the past decades, extensive research including chemical constituents and bioactivities of RRT were reported. A total of small 78 small molecules, such as flavonoids, organic acid, triterpenes, etc. and 11 polysaccharides have been isolated from RRT. Its antioxidant, anti-tumor and other pharmacological effects were also discovered. This paper reviews the progress of those information for the R&D of RRT in the future.

To evaluate the effectiveness of regulating insulin sensitivity via the insulin receptor substrate-1 of Zingiber striolatum bud extract in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. The C57BL mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10), including normal control group, model group, metformin group, ZS-l (ZS low dose) group, and ZS-h (ZS high dose) group. The body weight and blood glucose were determined weekly. The oral glucose tolerance test, plasma insulin and biochemical parameters, pancreas histopathology, and the expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 were assayed at the end of experimental point. The results showed that Z. striolatum bud extract can significantly decrease the fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in C57BL mice. Western blot analysis demonstrated Z. striolatum bud extract could regulate the insulin sensitivity by upregulating the express of phospho-insulin receptor substrate-1. In conclusion, Z. striolatum bud extract could prevent the progression of diabetes and pancreatic fibrosis in C57BL mice.

Illegally manufactured and counterfeit herbal medicines are growing a worldwide issue. And internet sales have simplified the distribution and payment of these counterfeit medicines. In 2019, a paper in The Lancet revealed the tip of the iceberg of counterfeit Chinese herbal medicines in Yongfeng County, Jiangxi Province, China. After 2 years, some so-called Chinese herbal poultices are still being manufactured in these districts. Here we report on a so-called herbal kids creams, which was advertised for treatment of childhood eczema. By means of NMR and HPLC-PDA, we found overdosed antimicrobial agents in the creams, including Terbinafine hydrochloride, Methylparaben, Propylparaben. Hence, compared to glucocorticoids, which are of high concern, the illegal addition of non-hormonal drugs in products for children requires particular attention.

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