This study evaluated the water resource utilization efficiency and resource consumption for planting, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery in various regions of China. Using the super-efficiency Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) analysis method, the main agricultural pollution emissions (Chemical Oxygen Demand, ammonia nitrogen, and agricultural carbon emissions) were proposed as environmental constraints for the first time. The threshold regression model was used to measure the impact of agricultural water use efficiency on agricultural water consumption by constructing seven different explanatory variables. The results show that the overall utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in China presents a fluctuating downward trend, and the regional differences are significant. A single threshold effect on agricultural water consumption was found in five variables: per capita water resources, disposable income, dependence on foreign trade, industrial structure, and Gross Domestic Product. The increase in each parameter will have a positive effect on agricultural water consumption. The relationship between agricultural water use efficiency and agricultural water use was non-linear when the government's attention and the rural labor force were used as threshold variables.

In the process of China's modernization, promoting the sustainable development of resource-based cities is a major strategic issue and it has now also become a worldwide issue.This study uses the coupling model to validate the coupling relationship between China's landuse net carbon flux and economic growth and population change during 2009-2017. The study for the first time draws the conclusion that the coupling degree among the three is getting lower, the correlation is gradually weaker, and the independent relationship is becoming more and more prominent. Utilizing the Tapio decoupling model, we obtained the weak decoupling conclusion that the economic growth rate is higher than the growth rate of the land-use net carbon flux, while negative decoupling of sprawl where the rate of population growth is less than the rate of net land use carbon flux growth.

In the process of China’s modernization, promoting the sustainable development of resource-based cities is a major strategic issue and it has now also become a worldwide issue. This study uses the coupling model to validate the coupling relationship between China’s land-use net carbon flux and economic growth and population change during 2009–2017. The study for the first time draws the conclusion that the coupling degree among the three is getting lower, the correlation is gradually weaker, and the independent relationship is becoming more and more prominent. Utilizing the Tapio decoupling model, we obtained the weak decoupling conclusion that the economic growth rate is higher than the growth rate of the land-use net carbon flux, while negative decoupling of sprawl where the rate of population growth is less than the rate of net land use carbon flux growth.

To consolidate and expand the effective connection between the achievements of poverty alleviation in Xinjiang’s deeply impoverished areas and rural revitalization, it is necessary to study the effects and mechanisms of poverty alleviation policies. In this paper, the value of night light is used to measure regional economic development, and the panel data of 32 national key counties for poverty alleviation in Xinjiang and the remaining 48 counties in the province under its jurisdiction are analyzed by using the dual difference method to evaluate the promotion effect of poverty alleviation policies on regional economic development. The indirect impact of different poverty alleviation measures on economic development is explored by using the intermediary effect model. The study found that the implementation of the policy significantly promoted the development of the county economy, and the poverty alleviation policy in minority counties in the region had a stronger role in promoting the economy than that in nonminority counties. Further analysis of the mechanism shows that industrial poverty alleviation and education poverty alleviation have a significant role in county economic development, and the promotion of education poverty alleviation is lower than that of industry poverty alleviation.