<abstract> <sec><title>Background</title><p>Non-chromosomal structure maintenance protein condensin complex I subunit H (NCAPH) has been reported to play a regulatory role in a variety of cancers and is associated with tumor poor prognosis. This study aims to explore the potential role of NCAPH with a view to providing insights on pathologic mechanisms.</p> </sec> <sec><title>Methods</title><p>The expression of NCAPH in different tumors was explored by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx). The prognostic value of NCAPH was retrieved through GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases. Tumor Immunity Estimation Resource (TIMER) and Single-Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to search for the association of NCAPH with tumor immune infiltration. The cBioPortal and PhosphoSite Plus databases showed NCAPH phosphorylation status in tumors. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed using bioinformatics.</p> </sec> <sec><title>Results</title><p>Our findings revealed that NCAPH showed high expression levels in a wide range of tumor types, and was strongly correlated with the prognosis of patients. Moreover, a higher phosphorylation level at S59, S67, S76, S190, S222 and T38 site was discovered in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). NCAPH overexpression was positively correlated with the infiltration level of CD8+T cells and myeloid dendritic infiltration in breast cancer and thymoma.</p> </sec> <sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The up-regulation of NCAPH was significantly correlated with the poor prognosis and immune infiltration in pan-cancer, and NCAPH could be served as a potential immunotherapeutic target for cancers.</p> </sec> </abstract>

CD5L acts as an important regulator of inflammation by suppressing the immune response and blocking the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, systematic evaluations of CD5L-related genes in human cancers are lacking, particularly in their predictive role in hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Here, we obtained data from the Tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA), an open database website, to evaluate CD5L mRNA expression in HCC patients to identify CD5L-related HCC pathogenesis pathways. According to the Timer database, CD5L has significant protein interaction with FASN, CD163, STAB2 and LILRB5. KaplanMeier survival analysis evaluated the survival prognostic relationship between CD5L in liver cancer and hepatitis virus, respectively. CD5L enrichment was analyzed by KEGG, Biological processes, Molecular functions and Cellular components. CD5L expression was low in tumor tissues and increased in neighboring tissues, showing tumor inhibitory effect. CD5L is closely related to clinicopathology and its expression is reduced in hepatitis patients. TP53 mutations with low CD5L expression are more frequent in HCC. The high expression of CD5L triggered the immune response and promoted the infiltration of CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, Macrophages, Tfh and other cells, showing a significant positive correlation. We comprehensively evaluated the anti-tumor role of CD5L biomarkers in HCC, and CD5L may be a new target for tumor immunotherapy.

The CD5L molecule (CD5L), also known as macrophage apoptosis inhibitor (AIM), has multiple functions in lipid metabolism and inflammatory processes. However, there is a lack of evaluation of CD5L in human tumors, especially its predictive role in HCC progression. The expression of CD5LmRNA in patients with hepatocellular Carcinoma was searched by The Tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. CD5L had significant protein interactions with FASN, CD163, STAB2, and LILRB5, which were retrieved by the timer database. The relationship between CD5L survival and prognosis in HCC and hepatitis was analyzed by the KaplanMeier database. CD5L enrichment was analyzed by KEGG, Biological processes, Molecular functions, and Cellular components. CD5L expression was low in tumor tissues and high in neighboring tissues, showing a tumor inhibitory effect. Low expression of CD5L in patients with hepatitis is associated with poor prognosis. TP53 mutations with low CD5L expression accounted for a high proportion of HCC. The high expression of CD5L promotes the infiltration of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, Tfh, and other cells, causing an immune response. We comprehensively evaluated the role of CD5L biomarkers in HCC, and CD5L may be a new target for tumor immunotherapy.