The increasing adoption of power electronic devices may lead to large disturbance and destabilization of future power systems. However, stability criteria are still an unsolved puzzle, since traditional small-signal stability analysis is not applicable to power electronics-enabled power systems when a large disturbance occurs, such as a fault, a pulse power load, or load switching. To address this issue, this paper presents for the first time the rigorous derivation of the sufficient criteria for largesignal stability in DC microgrids with distributed-controlled DC-DC power converters. A novel type of closed-loop converter controllers is designed and considered. Moreover, this paper is the first to prove that the well-known and frequently cited Brayton-Moser's mixed potential theory (published in 1964) is incomplete. Case studies are carried out to illustrate the defects of Brayton-Moser's mixed potential theory and verify the effectiveness of the proposed novel stability criteria.Index Terms-large-signal stability criteria, power electronicsenabled power systems, distributed-controlled power converters, constant power loads, potential theory.
I. INTRODUCTIONOWER systems are going through a paradigm shift from electric machine-based to power electronics-based, with a huge number of different players on the supply side [1]-[3]. Nowadays, thousands of distributed energy resources (DERs) are being integrated into power systems through power electronics components such as solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage systems; however, the integration of numerous power electronic components and constant power loads (CPLs) destabilizes power systems and leads to critical oscillations. Consequently, one of the crucial challenges of this new paradigm is to keep the whole power system stable. The stability issues faced by DC microgrids are especially severe and urgent due to their unique properties. First, the low inertia of DC microgrids sharply weakens their stability; and second, owing to their advantage of smooth control, DC microgrids are unprecedentedly more promising than AC power systems given the increasing penetration of DERs. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to solve the stability issues in power-converterdominated DC microgrids.Recent works related to stability analysis in DC microgrids can be categorized according to the type of disturbance and the number of converters, as shown in Table I. Most of the stability studies of DC microgrids are performed using small-signal and linearized models, especially for large-scale DC microgrids
Wireless power transfer is emerging as the preeminent way to charge electric vehicles, but there appears to be no fair way to measure the power transfer. In this paper, Faraday Coil Transfer-Power Measurement (FC-TPM) is presented. FC-TPM employs non-contact, open-circuited sense coils to measure the electromagnetic field from wireless power transfer and calculates the real power propagating through the air gap between the transmitter and receiver coils. What is measured is the real electromagnetic power, representing the pure dispensation of energy that unambiguously demarcates the losses on either side. FC-TPM was demonstrated to be 0.1% accurate in hardware over an Rx coil misalignment of up to 10 cm using a 1 kW wireless power transfer system. Fair metering incentivizes businesses and individuals to make choices that conserve energy and advance technology by providing more information and by properly assigning the financial loss. This paper is accompanied by a video highlighting the essential contributions of this paper.
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