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The diffusion of modern electric trains equipped with high-power voltage-source converters has introduced new dynamic interactions with the traction power system that may create unexpected low-frequency oscillations . This paper presents for the first time a detailed analysis of the operating condition of electric trains and traction network, revealing that specific changes of the operating conditions of the train-network system are responsible for the oscillations and may lead to instability.The study is carried out with an analytical dynamic model considering the transient direct current control and focusses on understanding how the mismatch between the actual parameters of the train-network syste and those used by the controller affects system dynamic and stability. It is shown that the retuning of controller parameters improves the dynamic performance of the train-network system, and hence an adaptive control is proposed to mitigate low frequency oscillations with minimal change and cost to the original system. Simulation and experimental results are presented in the paper to fully validate the proposed control method.

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