Background: Recently, researchers have found that the tumour microenvironment plays an important role in tumours. We aimed to investigate the effects of plasma lipids on the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer and the infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes in tumour tissue. Methods:We enrolled patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) who underwent pancreatic surgery between 2012 and 2021. Clinical pathological data were recorded; total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured; and tissue samples were collected. A tissue microarray was generated using collected tissue samples, and CD8 staining was performed to determine immunoreactive scores (IRSs). The correlations of TC and TG levels with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analysed. Finally, the correlations of TC and TG levels with CD8+ T-cell infiltration were analysed.Results: A total of 90 eligible PDAC patients were included. TC levels were significantly correlated with tumour grade and lymph node metastasis, and TG levels were significantly correlated with perineural invasion. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis results indicated that the prognosis in the high TC group was significantly worse than that in the low TC group, and the prognosis in the high TG group was significantly worse than that in the low TG group. Cox multivariate analysis indicated that TC was an independent indicator of poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients after surgery. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that there were significant negative correlations between CD8 IRS and TC and between CD8 IRS and TG.Conclusions: TC and TG levels are significantly related to the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. They may be associated with tumour progression to higher grades, lymph node metastasis and/or nerve invasion. More importantly,

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation after transcatheter arteriaI chemoembolization (TACE) treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and analyze the relationship between hepatitis B virus reactivation and clinicopathological factors and prognosis. Methods: Clinical data of 108 patients with HCC treated by TACE from January 2006 to January 2014 were retrospectively studied. The relationship between the clinical data and HBV reactivation were analyzed and the differences in survival rates between the reactivation group and the non-reactivation group were also compared. Results: 42 (38.9%) patients developed HBV reactivation. The reactivation rate in patients with HBV DNA ≥ 104 was 65.8% (25/38), and was much higher than that of the patients with HBV DNA < 104 (24.3%, 17/70). The cellular immune function of reactivation group was significantly lower than that of non-reactivation group(P < 0.01). There was a significant difference (P=0.03) in 2-year survival rate between the activated and non-activated groups, and their survival rates were 35.9% and 53.3%, respectively. Conclusion: Some patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma may have hepatitis B virus reactivation after receiving TACE treatment, and positive HBV DNA, immunosuppression were the risk factors for the development of HBV reactivation. Patients with hepatitis B virus reactivation after TACE have poor prognosis. The study suggests that antiviral therapy and immunoenhancer were necessary to improve curative effect and survival rate in HCC patients who underwent TACE.