An increasing number of chemical technologies to wipe out contaminants within an incredibly short period of time have been developed recently, while their application was always hindered by the inefficient or improper mixing of reactants. To address this issue, the present work proposed a new static mixer named Tai-Chi which consists of blade, fin, and spoiler elements. Tai-Chi mixer can slice and divert the solutions inside and generate high shear flow to promote mixing process. Numerical simulations helped to determine the optimal operating conditions for Tai-Chi mixer, including laying its components anterior to the injection nozzles and keeping the velocity rate ratio of main pipe to branch pipe within the range of 0.5 to 1. Numerical simulations further proved that Tai-Chi mixer could strike a great balance between mixing performance (coefficient of variation [CoV] reaches 0.1 within 5 to 7 pipe diameters downstream) and head loss (nearly a half of other high shear static mixer in the market). Data of pilot-scale testing by Tai-Chi mixer confirm that 80% sulfamethoxazole could be eliminated in permanganate/bisulfite process within 8 pipe diameters, as well as showed the superiority of Tai-Chi's mixing performance in early stage compared with other static mixers in the market. Practitioner Points• A Tai-Chi static mixer with blade, fin, and spoiler elements is devised.• The optimal condition of flow rate and installment of Tai-Chi mixer is determined.• Ultra-fast mixing is achieved by Tai-Chi (CoV < 0.1 within 5-7 pipe diameters).• Pilot-scale test verifies the mixing efficiency of Tai-Chi mixer.

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Background: Adenomyosis is a benign gynecological disorder but has detrimental effect on female fertility of childbearing age. Melatonin is a classic antioxidant and free radical scavenger to protect against tissue damage, and exerts important roles in reproductive systems. The effects of melatonin on endometrial development in adenomyosis remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the function of melatonin on endometrial development in adenomyosis mice and its possible mechanisms. Methods: Inducing an adenomyosis mouse model by oral administration of tamoxifen. 0, 10, 20, 30, 50 mg/kg body weight melatonin were then respectively injected to investigate the effect of melatonin on implantation rates. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the expression of endometrial receptivity markers in endometrium during implantation window. Endometrial mRNA expressions of implantation-associated，oxidative stress-correlated and apoptosis-related genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Western blotting was used to explore the mechanism of protective effect of melatonin on endometrial development. Results: 30mg/kg melatonin injection significantly improved the number of implantation sites in an adenomyosis model mice. Adenomyosis adversely effected the development of mouse uterine development and impaired endometrial receptivity. Melatonin administration ameliorated hyper-inflammation state of the endometrium, improved antioxidant capacity and depressed apoptosis of endometrial cells induced by adenomyosis to reduce reproductive damage by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion: Melatonin treatment ameliorates impaired endometrial development and endometrial receptivity of adenomyosis mice by improving the microenvironment of endometrium via NF-κB signaling pathway. The current study suggests the potential efficacy of melatonin based adenomyosis therapy.