With the vigorous development of intelligent campus construction, great changes have taken place in the development of information technology in colleges and universities from the previous digital to intelligent development. In the teaching process, the analysis of students' classroom learning has also changed from the previous manual observation to intelligent analysis. Based on this, this paper studies the behavior recognition of college students based on the improved deep learning algorithm. Based on a brief analysis of the research background of behavior recognition, the research framework of college students' behavior recognition is constructed. Finally, the authors designed an experiment to evaluate the accuracy of classroom student behavior recognition analysis. The results show that the improved recognition of college students' behavior based on deep learning algorithm can improve the recognition accuracy.