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This study seeks to explore the relationship between product diversification and R&D investment in diversified firms. We analyzed the diversification efforts of 189 Chinese listed companies from 11 industries to test explanations, using M-form adoption and technological opportunity as proxies for organizational controls and potential scope economies. Our analysis finds greater degrees of diversification and technological opportunity had an increasingly negative effect on relative R&D intensity. These findings suggest that R&D investment decisions in Chinese listed diversified firms may be driven by R&D efficiencies, and not by short-term risk preferences.

A 0.18μm CMOS low-noise wideband charge sensitive preamplifier (CSP) used in a high precision pixel detector was presented in this paper. The preamplifier consists of charge amplification and constant current feedback circuit to accumulate the input charge signal in the feedback capacitor and discharge it by constant current. The open-loop gain of the preamplifier is 52dB at DC, and-3dB bandwidth is 4.72MHz. The CSP has a rise time of 12 ns, gain of 6.87v/pC, and equivalent noise charge of 1646e- .

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