The crystallinity of anatase TinormalO2 material synthesized from an acidic fluoride-based solution at 60to200°C was raised by increasing the growth temperature by an amount that was significantly lower than that required by postdeposition heat-treatment in air. As higher temperatures lead to more complete dehydration reactions and lower proton incorporation, the long-range attractive forces necessary for crystallinity are disrupted to a lesser degree. In addition, films grown on glass slides at 60 and 100°C exhibited preferential c -axis orientation due to restricted lateral and off-normal growth of crystallites elongated along the c -axis. As the island nucleation density was higher at 100°C , this resulted in even less lateral and off-normal crystallite growth compared to the film grown at 60°C , giving rise to a greater degree of c -axis preferred orientation for the 100°C film.

No abstract

Abstract

No abstract

No abstract