Extraction of DNA is a key step in molecular biology experiments and important for counting tiny microbial individuals. Direct boiling and mechanical cell lysis like glass beads are two independent physical extraction methods, thus crossing the barriers of thresholds of magnitude in popular reagent kits or traditional spread plate method when non‐equilibrium phenomenon is ongoing. The two approaches above were combined to generate a new one. In three typical microbial species, direct boiling with glass beads significantly increased the purity of DNA solution compared with some other methods (p < 0.05). The qPCR results of them were closer to direct microscopy counting than some other methods. Therefore, it provides a new choice in extracting bacterial DNA for specific circumstances.

Solid waste disposal is significantly important to maintain normal operation of both natural and artificial ecosystems. In this study, a kinetic model of solid waste treatment unit (SWTU) was upfront developed based on microbial ecology, system dynamics, cybernetics and digital simulation, which accurately described the relationships and interactions between solid waste decomposition (SWD) processes and biotic/abiotic factors. Then a specific SWTU prototype was designed and built from this kinetic model. A 370-day experiment demonstrated that SWTU maintained normal operation with robust stability and desired dynamic behaviors, and effectively disposed the solid waste. Therefore, this kinetic model was highly valid due to its high structural and behavioral similarity with the prototype. This research could lay a strong theoretical foundation for further closed-loop control and optimization of SWTU, and provide scientific guidance to environmental management and sustainable development.