The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201903746. Lactic acid (LA) is a powerful molecule as the metabolic driver in tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Inspired by its high intratumoral level(5-20 µmol g −1 ), a novel treatment paradigm via the cascade release of H 2 O 2 and ·OH from the LA generated by tumor metabolism is developed for catalytic and pH-dependent selective tumor chemotherapy. By utilizing the acidity and overexpression of LA within the TME, the constructed lactate oxidase (LOD)-immobilized Ce-benzenetricarboxylic acid (Ce-BTC) metal organic framework enables the intratumoral generation of ·OH via a cascade reaction: 1) the in situ catalytic release of H 2 O 2 from LA by LOD, and 2) the catalytic production of ·OH from H 2 O 2 by Ce-BTC with peroxidase-like activity. Highly toxic ·OH effectively induces tumor apoptosis/death. A new strategy for selective tumor chemotherapy is provided herein.

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An experimental methodology is presented to measure the temperature variation in cells with the usage of CdTe/CdS/ZnS core/shell/shell quantum dots as nanothermometers.

Cell cultures for tissue engineering are traditionally prepared on two-dimensional or three-dimensional scaffolds with simple pores; however, this limits mass transportation, which is necessary for cell viability and function. In this paper, an innovative method is proposed for fabricating porous scaffolds with designed complex micro-architectures. Channels devised by computer-aided design were used to simulate features of blood vessels in native rat liver. Rapid prototyping and microreplication were used to produce a negative polydimethylsiloxane mold, and then a planar porous scaffold with predefined microchannel parameters was obtained by freeze-drying a silk fibroin/gelatin solution of an optimized concentration. After seeding with rat primary hepatocytes, the planar scaffold was rolled up to build spatial channels. By reconstructing the three-dimensional channel model in the scaffold in the form of micro-computed topography data and observing the cross-sections of the scroll, we confirmed that the bent channels were still interconnected, with restricted deviations. A comparison of the primary hepatocyte culture in the scaffolds with and without the devised channels proved that our design influenced cell organization and improved cell survival and proliferation. This method can be used for the construction of complex tissues for implantation and for culturing cells in vitro for biological tests and observations.

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