The air quality prediction is a very important and challenging task, especially PM2.5 (particles with diameter less than 2.5 μm) concentration prediction. To improve the accuracy of the PM2.5 concentration prediction, an improved integrated deep neural network method based on attention mechanism is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the influence of exogenous series of other sites on the central site is considered to determine the best relevant site. Secondly, the data of all relevant sites are input into the improved dual-stage two-phase (DSTP) model, then the PM2.5 prediction result of each site is obtained. Finally, with the PM2.5 prediction result of each site, the attention-based layer predicts the PM2.5 concentration at the central site. The experimental results show that the proposed model is superior to most of the latest models.

With the improvement of the living standards of the residents, it is a very important and challenging task to continuously improve the accuracy of PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter) prediction. Deep learning-based networks, such as LSTM and CNN, have achieved good performance in recent years. However, these methods require sufficient data to train the model. The performance of these methods is limited for the sites where the data is lacking, such as the newly constructed monitoring sites. To deal with this problem, an improved deep learning model based on the hybrid transfer learning strategy is proposed for predicting PM2.5 concentration in this paper. In the proposed model, the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) is used to select which station in the source domain is most suitable for migration to the target domain. An improved dual-stage two-phase (DSTP) model is used to extract the spatial–temporal features of the source domain and the target domain. Then the domain adversarial neural network (DANN) is used to find the domain invariant features between the source and target domains by domain adaptation. Thus, the model trained by source domain site data can be used to assist the prediction of the target site without degradation of the prediction performance due to domain drift. At last, some experiments are conducted. The experimental results show that the proposed model can effectively improve the accuracy of the PM2.5 prediction at the sites lacking data, and the proposed model outperforms most of the latest models.

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