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Polished ceramic products are currently the most popular in architectural decoration, but a significant amount of ceramic polishing waste (CPW) is produced during the preparation process. Determining how to handle the CPW is a pressing task for enterprises. This work investigated the feasibility of recycling CPW in porcelain tile, and its influence on the phase composition, microstructure, and properties of the ceramic body. The CPW was found to have a similar composition to the traditional ceramics and worked as a flux. The SiC within CPW began to decompose into SiO 2 with CO 2 generation at about 1100°C, resulting in a porous structure. Microstructure observation indicated that a high CPW sample produced sufficient liquid phase when fired at temperatures ≤1100°C, which was not only beneficial for mullite growth but also for matrix densification by the viscous flow mechanism. But a high-content CPW caused the body to foam or even expand at temperatures >1100°C, thus significantly reducing mechanical properties. Finally, a series of porcelain tiles were successfully prepared with a CPW content of ≤30 wt% at a firing temperature of 1125-1200°C.The results of this study are considered to be valuable for the utilization of CPW.

Er3+, Na+-co-doped CaF2 transparent ceramics with Er3+ dopant concentration of 5at% and Na+ of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5at% were fabricated by the vacuum hot pressing method. Absorption spectra, emission spectra and fluorescence lifetimes were measured at room temperature to study the effects of Na+ on the spectral properties of Er3+: CaF2 transparent ceramic. The results showed that after introducing Na ion into Er3+: CaF2 transparent ceramics, charge-neutralized Er3+-Na+ structure formed which prevented Er3+ from clustering, the absorption intensity of ceramics decreased with the increase of Na+ concentration, but the spectroscopy and photoluminescence properties of Er3+ in CaF2 transparent ceramic could be modulated by adjusting the concentration of Na+. Co-doping Na+ to increase fluorescence lifetime should have an optimal value.

This work aimed to study the effect of surface properties on the corrosion resistance and cleanability of glazed surface. The samples were zircon‐containing raw glaze, zirconium‐based frit glaze, double‐glazed transparent glaze, and raw glaze coated with TiO2 film. The corrosion resistance of the samples in acidic, alkaline, and household detergent solutions was investigated by the changes in contact angle and surface roughness. Besides, the cleanability of the samples before and after corrosion was also compared. It was found that the corrosion resistance of a glaze was affected by the presence of crystals and their distribution, while the corrosion resistance of TiO2 film was closely related to itself and the nature of the substrate. The cleaning test showed that although adding a layer of transparent glaze reduced the surface roughness, it did not improve the cleanability. The TiO2 film had excellent cleaning performance, especially after ultraviolet light irradiation, but it had weak alkali corrosion resistance. Therefore, a zirconium‐based frit glaze is the right choice for sanitary ware in terms of durability and easy cleaning.