No abstract

Cut-slope restoration technologies commonly used in southwest China mainly include using simple outside soil spray seeding (OSSS) techniques, or OSSS combined with an anchor frame beam. Artificial soil used in OSSS can establish a soil layer suitable for revegetation; the addition of an anchor frame beam not only fixes soil and shallow rock, it also acts to strengthen deep rock. However, there have been few studies on the effects of frame beams on artificial soil structural characteristics on railway cutslopes. In order to evaluate the effects of different frame beams on artificial soil structure, soil samples from a natural slope (NS) and three cut-slopes restored using OSSS with various frame beams (AS, arched slope; DS, diamond slope; and RS, rimless slope) were analyzed. Soil structural characteristics analyzed include particle-size percentage and cumulative distribution curve of dry-sieving and wet-sieving aggregates, structural failure rate, water stability factor, soil particle size distribution (PSD), bias and peak convex coefficients, fractal dimension of PSD (D m ), and fundamental properties. Our results indicate that structural failure rate, water stability factor, fractal dimension of PSD, soil bulk density, total porosity, moisture content, and organic matter are significantly affected by the use of different frame beams. In addition, a difference in wetsieving soil aggregates content, PSD, clay and sand particle contents, D m, and the area difference ΔS of cumulative distribution between AS and DS was evident. Overall, soil structure in cut-slopes using a diamond frame anchor beam recorded the best levels of recovery after 8 years of ecological restoration.

Introduction: To investigate the incidence, causes, and risk factors for unplanned readmission within 30 days of discharge in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methodology: The clinical data of 1,062 patients with confirmed pulmonary TB who were admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to October 2021 were analysed retrospectively. The subjects were divided into a readmission group (354 cases) and a non-readmission group (708 cases) according to whether there was an unplanned admission within 30 days of discharge. We analysed the risk factors for unplanned readmission within 30 days after discharge with pulmonary TB. Results: The incidence of unplanned readmission in patients with pulmonary TB was 5.2%. Being female (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.434–0.942) and living in cities (OR = 0.218, 95% CI: 0.151–0.315) were protective factors for the readmission of patients with TB (p < 0.05). However, being ≥ 65 years old (OR = 2.574, 95% CI: 1.709–3.870), being a smoker (OR = 2.773, 95% CI: 1.751–4.390), having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 3.373, 95% CI: 1.708–6.660), having viral hepatitis (OR= 2.079, 95% CI: 1.067–4.052), receiving non-standard treatment (OR = 15.620, 95% CI: 10.413–23.431), having medical side effects (OR = 6.138, 95% CI: 3.798–9.922) and l unauthorised discharge (OR = 2.570, 95% CI: 1.509–4.376) were risk factors for the readmission to hospital of patients with TB (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Gender, age, place of residence, smoking, COPD, hepatitis, non-standard treatment, adverse drug reactions and unauthorised discharge were risk factors of TB for unplanned readmission.