According to the WHO report, there are about 500,000 new cervical cancer patients in the world every year, second only to breast cancer. Therefore, it is essential to study the pathogenic factors of cervical cancer and prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer. In recent years, the author analyzed the pathogenic factors of cervical cancer and targeted therapies for cervical cancer prevention in domestic and foreign literature and found that cervical erosion, sexual behaviour, education level, and economic status are high-risk pathogenic factors. Human papillomavirus, Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus type 2 is its microbial pathogenic factors and other pathogenic factors, including genetic changes and hormones. Targeted therapy provides a new direction for the treatment of cervical cancer, but most of them are targeted. The drug is still in phase I or phase II clinical trials, and according to analysis, it is suggested that women should actively learn medical knowledge and other related knowledge.