As the center of fuel cells, electrocatalyst plays a crucial role in determining the conversion efficiency from chemical energy to electrical energy. Therefore, the development of advanced electrocatalysts with both...

CoP nanomaterials have been extensively regarded as one of the most promising electrocatalysts for overall water splitting due to their unique bifunctionality. Although the great promise for future applications, some important issues should also be addressed. Heteroatom doping has been widely acknowledged as a potential strategy for improving the electrocatalytic performance of CoP and narrowing the gap between experimental study and industrial applications. Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of heteroatom‐doped CoP electrocatalysts for water splitting. Aiming to provide guidance for the future development of more effective CoP‐based electrocatalysts, we herein organize a comprehensive review of this interesting field, with the special focus on the effects of heteroatom doping on the catalytic performance of CoP. Additionally, many heteroatom‐doped CoP electrocatalysts for water splitting are also discussed, and the structure‐activity relationship is also manifested. Finally, a systematic conclusion and outlook is well organized to provide direction for the future development of this interesting field.