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A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, filamentous, and yellowish-white-pigmented marine bacterium, designated strain FB208T, was isolated from marine sediment obtained off the coastal area of Weihai, China. Cells of strain FB208T were filamentous during exponential growth, fragmented to rods in the stationary growth phase and became spherical in aged cultures. It grew optimally at 33 °C, at pH 7.0-7.5 and in the presence of 2.0-3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain FB208T was found to be closely related to Marinifilum flexuosum DSM 21950T (96.9 % similarity) and Marinifilum fragile JCM 15579T (96.4 %), with less than 90.0 % sequence similarity to other genera of the class Bacteroidia. Phylogenetic analysis, also based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, placed strain FB208T in the genus Marinifilum, family Marinifilaceae. The predominant isoprenoid quinone of strain FB208T was identified as menaquinone MK-7. The main cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C17 : 1ω9c, and the major polar lipids were an unidentified lipid and aminophospholipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 43.8 mol%. Based on these phylogenetic and phenotypic data, strain FB208T represents a novel species of the genus Marinifilum, for which the name Marinifilum albidiflavum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FB208T (=KCTC 42591T=MCCC 1H00113T).

The role of bacteria is unclear in the facial skin lesions caused by Demodex. To shed some light on this issue, we conducted a case-control study comparing cases with facial dermatoses with controls with healthy skin using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technique. The bacterial diversity, composition, and principal component were analyzed for Demodex bacteria and the matched facial skin bacteria. The result of mite examination showed that all 33 cases were infected with Demodex folliculorum (D. f), whereas 16 out of the 30 controls were infected with D. f, and the remaining 14 controls were infected with Demodex brevis (D. b). The diversity analysis showed that only evenness index presented statistical difference between mite bacteria and matched skin bacteria in the cases. The composition analysis showed that the DGGE bands of cases and controls were assigned to 12 taxa of 4 phyla, including Proteobacteria (39.37-52.78%), Firmicutes (2.7-26.77%), Actinobacteria (0-5.71%), and Bacteroidetes (0-2.08%). In cases, the proportion of Staphylococcus in Firmicutes was significantly higher than that in D. f controls and D. b controls, while the proportion of Sphingomonas in Proteobacteria was significantly lower than that in D. f controls. The between-group analysis (BGA) showed that all the banding patterns clustered into three groups, namely, D. f cases, D. f controls, and D. b controls. Our study suggests that the bacteria in Demodex should come from the matched facial skin bacteria. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes are the two main taxa. The increase of Staphylococcus and decrease of Sphingomonas might be associated with the development of facial dermatoses.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, filamentous and rose-brown pigmented bacterium, designated strain HF401, was isolated from marine sediment off the coast of Weihai, China. The isolate grew at temperatures between 4 and 45 °C (optimal growth at 33 °C), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimal growth at pH 7.5) and with 0.5-6.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimal growth at 3.0 %). The predominant menaquinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 50.8 mol% (from high-performance liquid chromatography). The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16:0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2OH). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipid and an unidentified lipid. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain HF401 formed a distinct branch with Geofilum rubicundum JCM 15548 in the family Marinilabiliaceae. The most closely related strains of strain HF401 were Natronoflexuspectinivorans AP1 (96.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), G. rubicundum JCM 15548 (96.2 %) and Alkalitaleasaponilacus SC/BZ-SP2 (96.0 %). Average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain HF401 and G. rubicundum JCM 15548 showed a relatedness of 71.3 % (ANIb) and 86.0 % (ANIm). The percentage of conserved proteins (POCP) value between strain HF401 and G. rubicundum JCM 15548 was 61.2 %. Based on polyphasic analysis, especially the phylogenetic relationships and the higher POCP value, strain HF401 is considered to represent a novel species in the genus Geofilum, for which the name Geofilum rhodophaeum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Geofilum rhodophaeum is HF401 (KCTC 42595=MCCC 1H00119).

In in vitro fertilization (IVF), it is meaningful to find novel biomarkers predicting ovarian response in advance. To identify serum metabolomics predicting ovarian response after controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). Blood samples collected at the start of pituitary downregulation and on the fifth day after COS using Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods were analyzed to quantify metabolites. Demographic data were calculated with SPSS version 22.0 software. Multivariate statistics were used to analyze metabolomics dataset. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic model. Analyses revealed 50 different metabolomics between the pre- and post-COS groups. Compared with baseline, amino acids increased significantly following COS. At baseline, acetylglycine was more abundant in FOI <1 group, while glycine and lipids increased in FOI ≥1 group. After COS, glycine, N-acetyl-L-alanine, D-alanine, and 2-aminomuconic acid were higher in those with FOI ≥1, but L-glutamine was abundant in FOI <1. ROC curves indicated that combination of glycine, acetylglycine and lipids predicts different responses to COS (AUC =0.866). Serum metabolism might reflect the response to ovarian stimulation. Higher glycine and PC may be a good predictor for response to COS.