With the development of blockchain technology, the research on digital currency is attracting more and more attention, especially Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), which plays an important role in national economic construction. However, compared with existing cryptocurrencies, CBDC needs a more controllable decentralization and more emphasized supervision. Therefore, the critical part of CBDC is the network architecture that saves computing resources, the technical scheme that is in line with economic ecology, and efficient consensus algorithms. In this paper, we propose a hybrid blockchain system with a modularity network for CBDC. The account scheme is used to record frequently circulated digital currencies, especially for massive small payment transactions when the digital assets and smart contracts with large value fluctuations and weak liquidity are recorded using the Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) scheme. In terms of network architecture, a modular blockchain architecture is proposed, and a sliced data storage solution is designed to enhance the concurrency of this structured network. We also proposed a CBDC supervision mode for blockchain, and on this basis, the DPOS-BFT algorithm is optimized, which reduces the two rounds of consensus of the original algorithm to one round. Finally, three simulation experiments on scheme, network, and consensus are carried out, which show this system can comprehensively improve the transaction processing and the consensus speed.INDEX TERMS Central bank digital currency, blockchain, consensus mechanism, modular architecture, prototype system.

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