The aging population has inspired the marketing of advanced real time devices for home health care, more and more wearable devices and mobile applications, which have emerged in this field. However, to properly collect behavior information, accurately recognize human activities, and deploy the whole system in a real living environment is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a feasible wireless-based solution to deploy a data collection scheme, activity recognition model, feedback control and mobile integration via heterogeneous networks. We compared and found a suitable algorithm that can be run on cost-efficient embedded devices. Specifically, we use the Super Set Transformation method to map the raw data into a sparse binary matrix. Furthermore, designed front-end devices of low power consumption gather the living data of the habitant via ZigBee to reduce the burden of wiring work. Finally, we evaluated our approach and show it can achieve a theoretical time-slice accuracy of 98%. The mapping solution we propose is compatible with more wearable devices and mobile apps.

Callose synthase plays an essential role in plant growth and development and in response to all sorts of stresses through regulating callose formation. However, few research about the function and mechanism of the insect resistance of callose synthase genes have been reported in cotton. In this study, a cotton callose synthase gene GhCalS5 was cloned, and its function and mechanism of resistance to cotton aphids were analyzed. The expression of GhCalS5 was significantly upregulated in both, leaves and stems of cotton plants at 48 h after cotton aphid infestation and in the leaves of cotton plants at 24 h after salicylic acid treatment. The overexpression of GhCalS5 enhanced cotton resistance to cotton aphids. Expectedly silencing of GhCalS5 reduced cotton resistance to cotton aphids. Overexpression of GhCalS5 enhanced callose formation in cotton leaves. Our results suggest that GhCalS5 is involved in cotton resistance against cotton aphids by influencing callose formation.

Accumulating researches con rmed that plant MYB transcription factors are involved in the defense response to herbivores. However, little is known about the target genes and signaling pathways that MYB transcription factors regulate. In this research, we identi ed the R2R3 MYB transcription factor GhMYB18 from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). GhMYB18 is localized throughout the cell and is a functional transcription activation factor. The expression level of GhMYB18 was signi cantly upregulated under aphid infestation and exogenous salicylic acid (SA) treatment. Overexpression of GhMYB18 in cotton cotyledons conferred enhanced tolerance of cotton plants to aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) feeding, expectedly silencing GhMYB18 increased susceptibility of cotton plants to aphid. Subsequent analysis showed that GhMYB18 positively regulates defense-related enzyme activities including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and increases the synthesis of salicylic acid and avonoids to participate in the defense response against aphid. These results collectively suggest that the cotton MYB gene GhMYB18 is involved in the plant defense response to aphid attack, which may contribute to cotton aphid control strategies. Key MessageR2R3 MYB transcription factor GhMYB18 is involved in the defense response to cotton aphid by participating in the synthesis of salicylic acid and avonoids.

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Accumulating researches confirmed that plant MYB transcription factors are involved in the defense response to herbivores. However, little is known about the target genes and signaling pathways that MYB transcription factors regulate. In this research, we identified the R2R3 MYB transcription factor GhMYB18 from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). GhMYB18 is localized throughout the cell and is a functional transcription activation factor. The expression level of GhMYB18 was significantly up-regulated under aphid infestation and exogenous salicylic acid (SA) treatment. Overexpression of GhMYB18 in cotton cotyledons conferred enhanced tolerance of cotton plants to aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) feeding, expectedly silencing GhMYB18 increased susceptibility of cotton plants to aphid. Subsequent analysis showed that GhMYB18 positively regulates defense-related enzyme activities including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and increases the synthesis of salicylic acid and flavonoids to participate in the defense response against aphid. These results collectively suggest that the cotton MYB gene GhMYB18 is involved in the plant defense response to aphid attack, which may contribute to cotton aphid control strategies.