The efficient delivery of biopharmaceutical drugs such as proteins and peptides into the cytosol of target cells poses substantial challenges owing to their large size and susceptibility to degradation. Current protein delivery vehicles have limitations such as the need for protein modification, insufficient delivery of large-size proteins or small peptides, and loss of protein function after the delivery. Here, we adopted a rational approach to design a polymer with robust efficacy for intracellular protein and peptide delivery. The polymer is composed of a dendrimer scaffold, a hydrophobic membrane-disruptive region, and a multivalent protein binding surface. It allows efficient protein/peptide binding, endocytosis, and endosomal disruption and is capable of efficiently delivering various biomacromolecules including bovine serum albumin, R-phycoerythrin, p53, saporin, β-galactosidase, and peptides into the cytosol of living cells. Transduction of apoptotic proteins and peptides successfully induces apoptosis in cancer cells, suggesting that the activities of proteins and peptides are maintained during the delivery. This technology represents an efficient and useful tool for intracellular protein and peptide delivery and has broad applicability for basic research and clinical applications.

Hydrogels have exhibited remarkable benefits in drug delivery such as local delivery, days or even weeks of continuous drug release with improved bioavailability, and minimized adverse effects.Here we report a polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle-knotted poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel for on-demand drug delivery and combined chemo-photothermal therapy. Anticancer drugs such as 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38) loaded on PDA nanoparticles via π−π interaction in the gel exhibit minimal leakage at physiological conditions and could be released in an on-demand fashion upon near-infrared light exposure. The hydrogel shows excellent biocompatibility and does not induce any foreign-body reaction over a four-month implantation. The in vivo results demonstrate that the PDA nanoparticle-knotted PEG hydrogel loaded with SN38 could efficiently suppress tumor growth by a combined chemo-photothermal therapy. This smart hydrogel would benefit a series of local treatments for diverse diseases.

Android platform has dominated the markets of smart mobile devices in recent years. The number of Android applications (apps) has seen a massive surge. Unsurprisingly, Android platform has also become the primary target of attackers. The management of the explosively expansive app markets has thus become an important issue. On the one hand, it requires effectively detecting malicious applications (malapps) in order to keep the malapps out of the app market. On the other hand, it needs to automatically categorize a big number of benign apps so as to ease the management, such as correcting an app's category falsely designated by the app developer. In this work, we propose a framework to effectively and efficiently manage a big app market in terms of detecting malapps and categorizing benign apps. We extract 11 types of static features from each app to characterize the behaviors of the app, and employ the ensemble of multiple classifiers, namely, Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), Naive Bayes (NB), Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and Random Forest (RF), to detect malapps and to categorize benign apps. An alarm will be triggered if an app is identified as malicious. Otherwise, the benign app will be identified as a specific category. We evaluate the framework on a large app set consisting of 107,327 benign apps as well as 8,701 malapps. The experimental results show that our method achieves the accuracy of 99.39% in the detection of malapps and achieves the best accuracy of 82.93% in the categorization of benign apps.

Here, we report the molecular self-assembly of hydroxidobridged {Ln 5 Ni 6 } ((Ln 3+ = Dy 3+ , Y 3+ ) metal clusters by the reaction of enantiopure chiral ligands, namely, (R/S)-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)serine), with Ni II and Ln III precursors. Single-crystal diffraction analysis reveals that these compounds are isostructural sandwich-like 3d−4f heterometallic clusters showing helical chirality. Direct current magnetic measurements on {Dy 5 Ni 6 } indicates ferromagnetic coupling between Dy III and Ni II centers, whereas those on {Y 5 Ni 6 } denote that the Ni II centers are antiferromagnetically coupled and/or magnetically anisotropic. Magnetochiral dichroism (MChD) measurements on {Dy 5 Ni 6 } and its comparison to that of {Y 5 Ni 6 } provide the first experimental observation of intense multimetal site MChD signals in the visible−near-infrared region. Moreover, the comparison of MChD with natural and magnetic circular dichroism spectra unambiguously demonstrate for the first time that the MChD signals associated with the Ni II d−d transitions are mostly driven by natural optical activity and those associated with the Dy III f−f transitions are driven by magnetic optical activity.