In this study, a novel multiparty quantum sealed-bid auction protocol using the single photons as the message carrier of bids is proposed, followed by an example of three-party auction. Compared with those protocols based on the entangled states (GHZ state, EPR pairs, etc.), the present protocol is more economic and feasible within present technology. In order to guarantee the security and the fairness of the auction, the decoy photon checking technique and an improved post-confirmation mechanism with EPR pairs are introduced respectively.Keywords Multiparty quantum sealed-bid auction · single photons · decoy photon checking technique · post-confirmation 1 IntroductionDue to the principles of quantum mechanics, such as no-cloning theorem, uncertainty principle, and entanglement characteristics, quantum system shows a lot of advantages than classic ones. In the past decades, quantum mechanics has been applied to various fields, including quantum key distribution

A scheme for the deterministic joint remote preparation of a fourqubit cluster-type state using only two Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states as quantum channels is presented. In this scheme, the first sender performs a two-qubit projective measurement according to the real coefficient of the desired state. Then, the other sender utilizes the measurement result and the complex coefficient to perform another projective measurement. To obtain the desired state, the receiver applies appropriate unitary operations to his/her own two qubits and two CNOT operations to the two ancillary ones. Most interestingly, our scheme can achieve unit success probability, i.e., P suc =1. Furthermore, comparison reveals that the efficiency is higher than that of most other analogous schemes.