Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of urolithin A (UA) on pediatric pneumonia and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The pediatric infantile pneumonia model was constructed by intratracheal induction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in 1-week-old C57BL/6 mice (male, 4–5 g). UA was also injected intraperitoneally. Lung tissues in each group were examined by histological analysis. Autophagy, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay and immunoblot analysis. Moreover, pyrophosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress were also evaluated by immunoblot analysis. Results: UA alleviated lung inflammation in mice, and inhibited cell pyrophosis. In addition, UA A relieved both oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Furthermore, we found that UA alleviated pneumonia damage by inducing protective autophagy. Conclusion: UA induced protective autophagy to alleviate inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in pediatric pneumonia.