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Work flow policies are shown to induce a change in average between-workers variability (worker heterogeneity) and within-worker variability in performance times. In a laboratory experiment, the authors measured the levels of worker heterogeneity and within-worker variability under an individual performance condition, a work sharing condition, and a fixed assignment condition. The work sharing policy increased the levels of worker heterogeneity and worker variability, whereas the fixed assignment policy decreased them. These effects, along with work flow policy main effects on mean performance times and variability are examined. This article represents an initial step in understanding effects that may be important in the selection of an operating policy, the ignorance of which may lead to costly misestimates of performance.

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tTheoretical explanations are presented for the poor convergence in supervisor and subordinate leader-member exchange (LMX) descriptions that are commonly reported in the literature. We focus on (1) measurement deficiencies, and (2) differences in supervisor-subordinate perceptions of the LMX construct. Additionally, several other factors (e.g., informationprocessing styles, attributional biases, etc.) are explored that may explain poor convergence. Testable propositions and suggestions for future research are developed and presented, and the applicability of the explanations to other leadership approaches is considered.

In [13], Walter extended the classical Shannon sampling theorem to some wavelet subspaces. For any closed subspace V 0 of L 2 (R), we present a necessary and sufficient condition under which there is a sampling expansion for every f ~ VO. Several examples are given.

This study shows feasibility and safety for combining behavioral and neurostimulation interventions for chronic post-stroke aphasia. Observed changes in linguistic measures were relatively small. However, they were statistically significant and associated with parallel changes observed in the neuroimaging. Our findings support further development and testing of the combined mCIAT and iTBS protocol and comparisons to either CIAT/mCIAT or iTBS applied alone for the treatment of post-stroke aphasia.