Background: Pulmonary atresia (PA) is a group of heterogeneous complex congenital heart disease. Only one study modality might not get a correct diagnosis. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic power of dualsource computed tomography (DSCT) for all intracardiac and extracardiac deformities in patients with PA compared with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 79 patients and divided them into three groups according to their main diagnosis. All associated malformations and clinical information, including treatments, were recorded and compared among the three groups. The diagnostic power of DSCT and TTE on all associated malformations were compared. The surgical index (McGoon ratio, pulmonary arterials index (PAI), and total neopulmonary arterial index) and radiation dose were calculated on the basis of DSCT. Results: Of the patients, 32, 30, and 17 were divided into the groups of PA with ventricular septal defect (VSD), PA with VSD and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, and PA with other major malformations, respectively. Consequently, 182, 162, and 13 intracardiac, extracardiac, and other major malformations were diagnosed, respectively. Moreover, DSCT showed a better diagnostic performance in extracardiac deformities (154 vs. 117, p < 0.001), whereas TTE could diagnose intracardiac deformities better (159 vs. 139, p = 0.001). The McGoon ratio, PAI, and treatment methods were significantly different among the three groups (p = 0.014, p = 0.008, and p = 0.018, respectively). Conclusion: More than one imaging modality should be used to make a correct diagnosis when clinically suspecting PA. DSCT is superior to TTE in diagnosing extracardiac deformities and could be used to roughly calculate surgical indices to optimize treatment strategy.
