The codoping method is applied to fabricate efficient blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). With the same structure of indium–tin oxide (ITO)/N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'diamine (NPB)(80 nm)/light-emitting layer (30 nm)/tris-(8-hydroxy-quinoline)aluminum (Alq3) (20 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (120 nm), a set of three devices was manufactured for comparison. For Devices 1, 2, and 3, the light-emitting layers are 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN):4,4'-(1,4-phenylenedi-2,1-ethene diyl)bis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)-benzenamine] (DPAVB) (1 wt %), ADN:2,5,8,11-tetra-(t-butyl)-perylene (TBPE) (1 wt %), and ADN:DPAVB (0.3 wt %):TBPE (0.7 wt %), respectively. It is found that the codoped Device 3 has the highest maximum luminance, Electroluminescence (EL) quantum efficiency and color saturation. Further study on the effect of the codopants was through a relative photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiency measurement. The result shows that the relative PL efficiencies of Devices 1, 2, and 3 are 15.6, 19.3, and 24%, respectively, as determined using an integrating sphere system excited at 375 nm. The codoping method improves the EL efficiency intrinsically. Codopants of the heterogeneous light-emitting molecules may decrease the possibility of self-quenching from the interaction of the homogenous molecules at the same total doping concentration. Furthermore, the decrease in the interaction of homogenous molecules suppresses the light emission from the aggregations thus narrowing the emission spectrum, and results in saturated blue light emission.
