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Background Epidemiological studies suggest that the incidence of hypertension in China is causally related to cognitive impairment. However, there is a dearth of information available regarding important factors for the association, including disease duration, therapeutic options, and risk factors associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with hypertension. Methods We selected a diverse cohort of 572 patients with hypertension and assessed cognitive function using MoCA. Potential risk factors were investigated by a structured questionnaire. Risk factors associated with the hypertension-induced MCI occurring conversion of were analyzed using multifactorial regression analysis. Results MCI was observed in 256 of 572 individuals, which increased with age (OR=1.15, 95% CI 1.10–1.20), but was decreased with high education status (OR=0.47, 95% CI 0.32–0.71). Risk factors independently associated with MCI were diabetes (OR=2.40, 95% CI 1.53–3.76), hyperlipidemia (OR=1.49, 95%=1.01–2.16), high salt diet (OR=2.27, 95% CI 1.34–3.84), and physical activity:>2h/week (OR=0.65, 95%0.44–0.94). However, controlling blood pressure to “normal” target values helped decrease the incidence of MCI (OR=0.44, 95% CI 0.30–0.65): this was not age dependent. Conclusion Our results suggest that it is necessary to promote the education of the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population to correctly and effectively use anti-hypertensives to control hypertension to a normal range to prevent cognitive.

BACKGROUND In epidemiological studies, hypertension is related to the difference in the incidence of cognitive impairment, but the evidence is currently inconsistent regarding the association of disease duration, treatment, control, and life risk factors with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with hypertension. METHODS We selected 572 patients with hypertension treated in six medical centers in Nanjing from 2017 to 2020. The cognitive function of participants was assessed using MoCA. Potential risk factors were investigated by a structured questionnaire. Risk factors associated with the conversion of MCI occurring in hypertension were analyzed using multifactorial regression analysis. RESULTS MCI was observed in 256 of 572 individuals. MCI was more likely with increasing age (OR=1.15, 95%CI 1.10-1.20), and high education was better at preventing MCI (OR=0.47, 95%CI 0.32-0.71) among baseline clinical characteristics. Risk factors independently associated with MCI were diabetes (OR=2.40, 95%CI 1.53-3.76), Hyperlipidemia (OR=1.49, 95%=1.01-2.16), high salt diet (OR=2.27, 95%CI 1.34-3.84), and physical activity:༞2h/week (OR=0.65, 95%0.44-0.94). Controlling blood pressure to target values helped prevent MCI(OR=0.44, 95%CI 0.30-0.65), and these results were similar when stratified by age. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that it is necessary to popularize hypertension knowledge and a healthy lifestyle, and optimize treatment to achieve the goal of preventing cognitive decline in the middle-aged and elderly.

Background: Vascular dementia (VaD) is the most common type of dementia secondary to Alzheimer's disease. The pathologic mechanism of VaD is complex, and VaD still lacks a more objective diagnosis and evaluation method. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can better detect the organizational structure and functional characteristics compared with any other diagnosis methods. Therefore, DTI has broad application in evaluating the severity and prognosis of VaD. This study aimed to assess the value of DTI in evaluating the cognitive function of patients with VaD.Methods: Authors searched Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, using the search terms, such as "diffusion tensor imaging," "DTI," "Vascular Dementia," "Arteriosclerotic Dementia," "Cognition," and "Cognitive." A voxel-based meta-analysis combined with quality statistics was performed, using the anisotropic effect-size version of the signed differential mapping method.Results: A total of 8 case-control studies were included in this metaanalysis. The sample size of patients ranged from 35 to 60, including 166 patients in the VaD group and 177 healthy individuals. The DTI imaging of the brain tissue of VaD patients was significantly different from that of healthy individuals.Conclusions: DTI imaging of the brain tissue of VaD patients was clearly different from that of healthy controls. Therefore it may be feasible to use DTI imaging as a diagnostic method for VaD.