Emotion recognition can be helpful in many fields such as elderly healthcare. Existing emotion recognition approaches are usually based on wearable sensors or computer vision analysis, which are intrusive or inconvenient to use. In recent years, radio frequency identification (RFID) has been exploited to monitor physiological signs (e.g., respiration and heartbeat) of users in a contactless and convenient way. Motivated by such progresses, we conduct an experimental study on recognizing the emotion of users with commercial RFID devices. We propose Free-EQ, an emotion recognition framework which first extracts respiration-based features and heartbeat-based features from RFID signals and then uses these features to train a classifier to recognize different emotions of a target user. Experiments on commercial RFID hardware show that Free-EQ can distinguish different emotions with relatively high accuracy.

The relationship between the seed bank and aboveground communities has attracted much interest among plant community ecologists. The objective of this study was to address the relationships between soil seed banks and aboveground plant communities by comparing the species composition in the dry-hot valley of the Yuanjiang River. Typical shrub-grass communities in the dry-hot valley were selected and five plots were established in upper, middle, and lower sections of the Yuanjiang River watershed. A total of 100 sampling quadrats were collected, and plant communities were surveyed. In addition, soil samples were collected in three layers (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-15 cm) in each community sample. The seed banks from the soil samples were germinated in the lab and species were identified. The results showed that (1) 76 plant species belonging to 25 families and 64 genera were found in the aboveground plant communities. These species mainly belonged to Fabaceae, Poaceae, Asteraece and Euphorbiaceae. (2) 33 plant species belonging to 14 families and 32 genera were found in the soil seed banks. These species mainly belonged to xeromorphyGramineae.(3) In three soil layers, the proportion of the surface soil seed banks was the largest, and the numbers of seeds decreased as the depth of soil increased. (4) For each plot, few common species were found between the soil seed banks and plant communities, and thus their similarity is low. In summary, there were no significant correlations between the soil seed banks and aboveground plant communities. Moreover, several invasive species can be found both in the seed banks and aboveground plant communities.

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