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Abstract:Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a transcription factor which plays an important role in the regulation of various developmental processes and stress responses in plants. By using various bioinformatics tools, the identification and analyses of the NF-YA subunit of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) have been attempted in this study. A total of 12 members of the NF-YA gene family were identified in the cassava genome. They were located on the 18 cassava chromosomes with different frequencies. Several initial structural analyses of the NF-YA family were also performed. Among them, the typical gene organization of the MeNF-YA gene family contained 5 exons/4 introns. Interestingly, the conserved region of NF-YA was characterized by the interaction of NF-YB/C domain and the DNA binding domain. This study provided information on NF-Y in plants.

In this study, we carried out two surveys of avifauna in Truong Sa Island, Truong Sa Archipelago, Vietnam. The duration time of first survey from October 21-25, 2020 and the second survey from May 22-27, 2021. The results at the surveys showed that there were 82 bird species belonging to 29 families and 10 orders recorded. Among them, Passeriformes has the most abundant with 35 species (42.7% of the total), Charadriiformes has 18 species with a rate of 22%, Ciconiiformes has 11 species with a rate of 13.4%, Cuculiformes has 5 species with a rate of 6.1%, Accipitriformes has 4 species with a rate of 4.9%, and other orders have from 1 to 3 species with a rate of 10.9% of the total. We also observed the Chestnut cheeked starling - Agropsar philippensis (Forster, 1781) in Truong Sa (Truong Sa Archipelago), this species was first recorded for the Avifauna of Vietnam and need to be added to the bird checklist of Vietnam.

Ecdysteroids are steroidal hormones that have been originally found in the animal kingdom to control moulting (ecdysis) and other metamorphosic processes in insects. Structurally, they are polyhydroxylated compounds that have a four-ringed skeleton, usually composed of 27, 28 or 29 carbon atoms. This group of naturally occurring plant ecdysteroids was designated phytoecdysteroids (Pes) to differentiate them from those isolated from animal sources. Recently more and more researchs have focused, on the effects of Pes on vertebrates and humans. The range of effects of these compounds appears to be very wide. They are apparently nontoxic to mammals, most of them are useful for humans. They have a broad spectrum of pharmacological and medicinal properties in mammals, including hepatoprotective and hypoglycaemic effects, increase adaptation and anabolic effects, without androgenic side-effects. Pes are also being considered as nutraceutical additives to food products.

The study was conducted to determine the species composition and distribution characteristics of typical terrestrial plant species for the Truong Sa (Spratly) Islands. By research methods of field investigation reference to documents and expert opinions according to three groups: Typical natural species; Naturalized species and Common natural species has identified 75 species of typical terrestrial plants for the flora of the Truong Sa (Spratly) Islands, 58 genera, 29 families belonging to the Angiospermae, focusing on the Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Malvaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, etc. There’re 7 life forms and 6 habitats were recorded with typical terrestrial plant species distribution. In which, the most concentrated in herbaceous life forms with 49 species (65.3%) and open place land in and around the island habitat with 38 species (50.7%). There are 6 groups of use values identified from typical terrestrial plant species, such as protection, ornamental, medicinal herbs, food, etc. of which the value of protection accounts for 56.0%, with 42/75 species.