A 36-year-old Chinese woman was diagnosed with diffuse midline glioma and received radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Ten months later, bone metastases were confirmed by pathological biopsy. This case is one of a handful of cases in which an adult patient with diffuse midline glioma had multiple bone metastases. Better diagnostic methods and more appropriate treatment strategies for diffuse midline glioma are urgently needed, requiring further investigations into the mechanisms underlying metastases.

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The next generation of MPSoC points to the integration of thousands of IP cores, requiring high performance interconnect for high throughput communications. Optical onchip interconnect enables significantly increased bandwidth and decreased latency in MPSoC. However, the interface between electrical and photonic devices implies strong layout constraints that may impact the system performance and scalability. In this paper, we propose a novel optical interconnect named CHAMELEON. The interface simplifies the layout and allows the bandwidth between IP cores to be adapted according to the communication requirements. Compared to related networks, CHAMELEON demonstrates improved scalability and flexibility at the cost of minor increase in power consumption.

Background Solute carrier family 25 member 32 (SLC25A32) is an important member of SLC25A family and plays a role in folate transport metabolism. However, the mechanism and function of SLC25A32 in the progression of human glioblastoma (GBM) remain unclear. Methods In this study, folate related gene analysis was performed to explore gene expression profiles in low-grade glioma (LGG) and GBM. Western blotting, real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to confirm the expression levels of SLC25A32 in GBM tissues and cell lines. CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays, and Edu assays were performed to assess the role of SLC25A32 on proliferation in GBM in vitro. A 3D sphere invasion assay and an ex vivo co-culture invasion model were performed to assess the effects of SLC25A32 on invasion in GBM. Results Elevated expression of SLC25A32 was observed in GBM, and high SLC25A32 expression was associated with a high glioma grade and poorer prognosis. Immunohistochemistry performed with anti-SLC25A32 on samples from an independent cohort of patients confirmed these results. Knockdown of SLC25A32 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of GBM cells, but overexpression of SLC25A32 significantly promoted cell growth and invasion. These effects were mainly due to the activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that SLC25A32 plays a significant role in promoting the malignant phenotype of GBM. Therefore, SLC25A32 can be used as an independent prognostic factor in patients with GBM, providing a new target for the comprehensive treatment of GBM.