Background We previously found two distinct passenger dendritic cell (DC) subsets in the rat liver that played a central role in the liver transplant rejection. In addition, tolerance-inducing protocol, donor-specific transfusion (DST), triggered systemic polytopical production of depleting alloantibodies to donor class I MHC antigen (DST-antibodies). Methods We examined the role of DST-antibodies in the trafficking of graft DC subsets and the alloresponses in a rat model. We also examined an anti-donor class II MHC (MHCII) antibody that recognizes donor DCs more selectively. Results Preoperative transfer of DST-antibodies and DST pretreatments eliminated all passenger leukocytes, including both DC subsets and depleted the sessile DCs in the graft to ~20% of control. The CD172a +CD11b/c + immunogenic subset was almost abolished. The intrahost direct or semi-direct allorecognition pathway was successfully blocked, leading to a significant suppression of the CD8 + T-cell response in the recipient lymphoid organs and the graft with delayed graft rejection. Anti-donor MHCII antibody had similar effects without temporary graft damage. Although DST pretreatment had a priming effect on the recipient Treg proliferative response, DST-primed sera and the anti-donor MHCII antibody did not. Conclusion DST-antibodies and anti-donor MHCII antibodies could suppress the CD8 + T-cell-mediated liver transplant rejection by depleting donor immunogenic DCs, blocking the direct or semi-direct pathway of allorecognition. Donor MHCII-specific antibodies may be applicable as a selective suppressant of anti-donor immunity for clinical liver transplantation without the cellular damage of donor MHCII – graft cells and recipient cells.

In this paper, theoretical and experimental researches were done to find the repeated cracking reason of stuffing box in a super hyper pressure compressor. The mathematical expression of the assembly pressure was deduced in interference fit. From macro and micro perspectives, residual stresses were measured by X-ray diffraction in typical position of stuffing box when the packing box in combination and separation states. Besides, metallography and fracture examinations were carried out. The results showed that the real magnitude of shrink range of the failed stuffing box was only account for 12% of the designed size requirements, however, under this working condition this stress was not sufficient to cause cracking; Unqualified smelting process and tensile stress concentration in tank caused micro crack, which finally results in fracture of the stuffing box under fatigue mode.

Comprehensive residual stress of a 1500m3 liquefied petroleum gas spherical vessel was measured and analyzed after many cracks arised. The results show that the general residual stress was at a high level in the field with cracks as well as the field without cracks. Furthermore, the measurements were taken at the same place to evaluate the effect of the heat treatment after this spherical vessel was re-welded and the integral heat treatment was performed. Meanwhile, the measurement to the stress in the vertical direction with X-Ray was finished after a set of special treatments in the outfield.

The experimental investigations on resistance spot welding are presented for 316 stainless steel. The influence of spot welding parameters (welding time, electrode force and welding current) on the tensile shear load and the diameter of nugget have been researched, based on an orthogonal test and analysis method. The results show that welding current has significant influence on the tensile shear load and diameter of nugget, and then is electrode force, welding time in turn. The optimum parameters are as follows: welding time is 5 cycles, electrode force is 3.5KN and welding current is 5.5KA. And the maximum tensile shear force of joint is up to 13.55KN.

This article attempts to analyze systematically the residue stress issue in high pressure gas cylinder used for compressed natural gas by studying the residue stress condition of the cylinders during their manufacturing process until they are put into service. The residue stresses conditions were tracked throughout the process of fabrication of a high-pressure gas cylinder. Residual surface stresses were measured at the same locations in gas cylinder by X-ray diffraction after gas cylinder was forged, quenched and tempered. Additionally, stress conditions were tested by metal magnetic memory method in order to execute early diagnostics of the inspection object before each X-ray diffraction tested. There is a comparison of two kinds methods. As a result, residual stresses were decreased after gas cylinder was heat treatment. The maximum value of residual stresses in gas cylinder was less than 0.17σ S after tempering, and stress condition in all the gas cylinder were uniformity and it is shown that heat treatment made good effect.