In this study, we developed an energy security evaluation model (ESEM) from three dimensions, energy supply-transport security, safety of energy utilization, and stability of political-socioeconomic environment, based on the integrated application of subjective and objective weight allocation technique. Then the spatial-temporal evolution of global energy security pattern and its driving mechanism was analyzed with the method above, and the results are shown as follows: (1) since the 1990s, the spatial patterns of global energy security have shown a deteriorating trend, with the growth of countries in at-risk type and relatively at-risk type. (2) The spatial distribution of countries with secure energy system shows a strong stability, and these countries are concentrated persistently in Western Europe and North America. The spatial evolution of countries with relatively secure energy system also presents a strong stability, which are mainly distributed in the periphery of the secure ones, namely Central and Southern Europe, South America and Eurasia, while countries with general energy system are mainly distributed in Asia, Africa and Southern Europe, and the spatial-temporal evolution of this type is the main cause for the deterioration of world energy security pattern. Countries with at-risk and relatively at-risk energy system are mainly concentrated in Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Eurasia, rendering spatial extension to the east and south. (3) In the past 20 years, the mechanism for world's energy security pattern formation gradually transforms from the 'unitary dimension dominated' to the 'binary dimension-dominated', and the main factors influencing the global energy security pattern become more diverse. (4) In the pattern of world's energy security, China's performance on energy security has been the global average since the 1990s, which shows a decreasing trend in safety of energy utilization dimension. Findings in this study can provide a reference for the government in terms of formulating strategic responses and policy options.

The Junggar Basin is a typical superimposed system characterized by multilateral steep thrusts and extrusions and one of the primary petroliferous basins in Western China. To date, geologists have been most interested in the basin's tectonic evolution and petroleum geology characteristics. Based on field outcrops, lithologic combinations, logging curves, and seismic reflection characteristics, we present a systematic study of the sequence stratigraphy pattern for the Jurassic central Junggar Basin. Herein, we identify the central Junggar area as having a “dual” characteristic sequence framework composed of a lowstand system tract (LST) and a transgressive system tract (TST), which is distinguishable from the traditional three system tract (LST, TST, and highstand system tract [HST]). In each third‐order sequence, the LST consists of conglomerate or pebbly sandstone deposits, displaying the characteristics of braided channel and fan delta. The TST consists of siltstone, argillaceous siltstone, and mudstone, displaying fine‐grained, shore‐shallow lacustrine deposits. It is considered that the combination of multiphasic thrust extrusion and subsequent, steady deposition is likely responsible for the dual‐system tract. The forming process of the dual‐system tract pattern could divide into four stages: the quiet stage of tectonic activity, the early stage of compression, the continuous stage of compression, and the rapid rebound stage. Additionally, two reservoir predictive models are proposed: the progradational predicting model on the edge of the depression and truncated and pinchout predicting model on the palaeo‐uplift. We conclude that the coarse clastic unit of the LST has bright prospects for oil and gas exploration within the superimposed system in Western China.

There are two classification including volcanic lava and volcanic clastic rock, totally 15 types in Yingcheng Formation, Yaoshen area. The lithology is mainly characterized as acid rhyolite, tuffs and volcanic breccia. By using logging data and seismic data, the authors come to the conclusion as follows: there existed five types of lithofacies of volcanic lava in this area, with eruption-overflow facies most widely developed. The section is characterized as eruption mixed with overflow, superposed eruption-overflow facies and volcanic sedimentary facies occurred far from the crater. There are frequent volcanic activities, multi-periodic activities of volcanic eruption developed, thus multi-periodic eruption modes were formed. This area is overlapped and connected in the plane, adjacent eruption facies are often connected, overflow facies are distributed on lave platform.

Western Bei II Area in Saertu Oilfield, Daqing Oilfield is the test area. It has now entered an exploitation phase of extra high water cut stage. Under the circumstance of a long time of development and complex conditions of well history in this area, it has experienced water flooding, polymer flooding and thermal recovery. Based on basic geological characteristics in the test area, this study establishes three-dimensional geological static models and conducts the fine reservoir numerical simulation of the test area. In addition, it summarizes the temperature field distribution features before and after the thermal recovery as well as causes and distribution laws of the residual oil, which provides a reliable basis for development, deployment and measures to adjust in the next step in oilfields.

In the Shahezi Formation of Xujiaweizi fault depression in the Songliao Basin mainly tow sedimentary system is developed: the Xudong gentle slope belt and Xuxi fault zone systems. However, this area is little studied as there have been only limited efforts in exploration. Based on the latest drilling, outcrop data, description of core observation and laboratory microscope identification, it has been concluded that four mainly sedimentary facies are developed in this area: braided river delta, fan delta, lacustrine facies and sublacustrine fan. The subaqueous distribute channel is the main type of the fan delta front while the braided channel is the main type of the braided river delta. A number of clastic, sandstone and mudstone are developed in these two types of sedimentary facies. We can use it to make further study of dividing into micro-facies.