Information on the area and spatial distribution of cropland resources is very important for agricultural monitoring and sustainable development. The existing evaluation and analysis of cropland resources mainly focus on the first-class cropland types, and the spatial resolution of cropland cover products studied is low (<30 m), which cannot meet the needs of food security assessment and sustainable analysis of cropland resources. Therefore, in this paper, four published cropland cover products with a spatial resolution of 30 m (GFSAD30SEACE, GLC_FCS30-2015, FROM-GLC2015, and SERVIR MEKONG) are evaluated for consistency and accuracy through area validation, comparison of spatial pattern distribution, and fieldwork data. The results showed that (1) the area and spatial pattern of the four first-class cropland cover types were consistent, especially the GFSAD30SEACE product. However, the area and spatial consistency among different products decreased significantly for the finer type of secondary cropland cover, and the area percentage of rice field was only 3.03%. (2) The spatial inconsistency areas of cultivated land for the four products have different distribution rules under different topographic factors, mainly distributed in the range of elevation (<300 m), slope (2°-15°), and topographic relief (0-10 m). (3) The GFSAD30SEACE product had the highest overall accuracy of 88.33% for the primary type of cropland cover. The overall accuracy was lower for all secondary types of cropland cover, with the SERVIR MEKONG product having the highest overall accuracy (71.64%) and the other products having an overall accuracy of less than 62%. Therefore, future land cover mapping of cropland needs to focus on technical solutions for the classification of fine cropland types.

Land cover in tropical marine climate zones is important for global climate change. The existing analysis of land cover product consistency mainly focuses on a continental or national scale and rarely takes different geographical zones (such as tropical marine climate zones) as examples to carry out micro-interpretation from the perspective of ecology from the grid scale. In fact, some types of land cover under different zones have poor accuracy due to the standard of cognition and the complexity of the spatial pattern of ground objects. In addition, land cover and its change in tropical Marine climate zones will affect the greenhouse effect, energy balance, water transport, and so on, thus affecting climate change on a regional or even global scale. Therefore, this article presents an evaluation based on GLOBCOVER, CCI LC, and MCD12Q1 data using Malaysia as a case study, through area composition similarity, field sample point validation, and landscape indices. The results showed that (1) the area correlation coefficient between GLOBCOVER and CCI LC is the highest at 0.998. (2) The CCI LC had the highest OA and kappa coefficient of 59.01% and 0.4957, while the GLOBCOVER product had the lowest OA and kappa coefficient of 49.24% and 0.3614, respectively. (3) The consistency of the water landscape index is high between the CCI LC and GLOBCOVE data, the consistency of the artificial surfaces landscape index is high between the CCI LC and MCD12Q1 products, and the consistency of the grassland/shrubland landscape index is high between the GLOBCOVE and MCD12Q1 products. The results of microscopic landscape patterns show that the three product landscape patterns are generally more consistent in East Malaysia than in West Malaysia. The low accuracy of grassland, bareland, and shrubland is the key reason for the wide variation in landscape patterns between the three products.